Сегодня в очередном выпуске “Клуба почемучек” я отвечу на вопрос Миланы и ее сына Никиты : “Почему размер ноги 23 см, а обувь 38 размера?”
Для начала очень кратко пробежим по истории обуви.
Первая обувь появилась очень-очень давно. Еще первобытные люди защищали ступни ног от холода зимою и жара летом, обматывая их полосками кожи. Позже они научились эти полоски сшивать. Самая древняя обувь, дошедшая до нас, – это обувь, найденная на раскопках в Армении. Там в пещере Арени в сентябре 2008 года была найдена пара мягких туфель с заостренными концами, возраст которой более 5500 лет!
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| Самые древние туфли в мире. Фото из Википедии |
Исторически сложилось, что первая обувь возникла в странах с жарким климатом. В Египте, Ближнем Востоке, Греции в качестве обуви чаще всего использовались сандалии – деревянная или кожаная подошва, которая крепилась к ноге кожаными ремешками.
Именно греки первые придумали делать отдельные выкройки для левой и правой ноги. Но это новшество в повсеместный обиход вошло только к 17 веку.
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| Древнегреческие сандалии |
В эпоху Средневековья обувь принимала самые причудливые очертания.
Например, в 13-14 веках были модными туфли с очень длинными и узкими носами – пулены. Французский король Филипп IV Красивый (1285-1314) издал закон, который обязывал всех носить только такую обувь. Из-за ее длины приходилось носки подвязывать специальной веревочкой к ноге, чтобы не спотыкаться при ходьбе.
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| Длинноносая обувь 13 века |
В 16-17 веке носили обувь на высокой подошве. Почти ходули. Назывались такие туфли чопинес. Мода на них была вызвана практическими соображениями – ведь во времена Средневековья улицы представляли собою сплошную грязь, нечистоты сливались прямо на мостовую. Поэтому хождение на такой высокой обуви помогало сохранять одежду в относительной чистоте.
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| Обувь-ходули 16 века. Фото с сайта marinni.livejournal.com |
А вот каблуки в привычном нам виде появились в Европе только к 17 веку. Изобретателями их считаются древние монголы: выступ на подошве обуви удобен, чтобы крепко держать ногу в стремени.
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| Монгольская обувь. Фото с сайта muzey-factov.ru |
В 18 веке, в эпоху барокко и рококо в моду вошли пышно украшенные туфли – банты, пряжки, ленты. Так украшали обувь и мужчины и женщины.
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| Туфли первой половины 18 века. Фото с сайта izuminki.com |
А в конце 18 века, в 1792 году, обувщиком Джеймсом Смитом были придуманы размеры обуви. В их распространении большую роль сыграл переход обувного дела к промышленным масштабам. Ведь до этого обувь выкраивали индивидуально по ноге заказчика. С появлением же обувных фабрик и магазинов, размеры обуви были унифицированы.
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| Обувь 19 века. Фото с сайта spletnik.ru |
А так как унификация в разных странах пошла по разному, мы до сих пор имеем несколько традиций измерения обуви. Самые распространенные из них:
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Метрическая. В ней за основу берется реальный размер стопы в сантиметрах. Такая система распространена в России и странах СНГ. Интервал между смежными размерами равен 0,5 см.
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Mondopoint. Совпадает с метрической. Введен с 1991 года как международный стандарт. Размеры пишутся в мм., интервал между размерами 5 мм. Бывает, через дробь указывается еще и полнота стопы в процентах от дины стопы. Например, 250/95 (250 мм длина стопы, наполнение 250х95%=237,5 мм).
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Европейская или штрихмассовая. За основу взята французская система. В ней измеряется длина стельки обуви в т.н. “штрихах” (или “paris point”) (1 штрих=2/3 см). Кроме того, стелька считается вместе с декоративным припуском. А этот показатель отличается у разных производителей, доходя до сантиметра.
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Английская. За основу взято “ячменное зерно”, величина равная 1/3 дюйма (8.5мм). Длину измеряют по стельке. Нулевым размером считают средний размер ножки новорожденного ребенка 4 дюйма (12 “ячменных зернышек”). Дальше нумерация идет через 1/3 дюйма. Для взрослых наименьший размер 25 “зернышек”.
- Американская. Аналогична английской. Измеряется длина стельки. Разница между размерами 1/3 дюйма. Но для детей, женщин и мужчин введена отдельная нумерация размеров. За нулевой для детей берется 11.67, для мужчин – 24, для женщин – 22.5.
Таблицы соответствия легко можно найти в интернете. Но мне больше понравилось пользоваться калькулятором перевода различных систем размеров обуви и одежды: https://allcalc.ru/taxonomy/term/135. Кроме калькулятора размеров на сайте можно найти калькуляторы на все случаи жизни. Например, высчитать глубину промерзания грунта в вашем городе, нормы освещенности вашей комнаты, сколько лет вашей кошке по человеческим меркам, скорость звука в зависимости от температуры воздуха, сколько раз в течении жизни вы моргнули и сколько лет вы провели во сне, каким бы был ваш вес на других планетах Солнечной системы и т.д. и т.п.
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| Мой вес на Марсе был бы всего 20 кг! |
А чтобы узнать свой размер обуви, надо просто ногу померить линейкой и результат ввести в калькулятор.
Меряют размер стопы так: ногу надо обязательно поставить на лист бумаги (чтобы она полностью опиралась на землю, а не держать на весу). И обвести ее.
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| Обводим ступню |
После этого рисунок меряют линейкой – от самой выступающей точки пятки до самого длинного пальца ноги. Это и будет размер обуви в сантиметрах.
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| Измеряем длину ступни |
Для российского стандарта достаточно. А в европейский придется перевести. У Никиты длина ступни 23 см. Смотрим в калькуляторе (уже не в детской, а в мужской обуви!) – размер обуви должен быть 36. Почему у него 38? Возможно, линейкой померили не очень точно. Или обувь свободно сидит на ноге. Милана, Никита, вам придется перемеривать:)
У нашей Кати все получилось точно – размер стопы 19 см, размер обуви 30.
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| Катин сапог именно 30 размера |
Чтобы рисунок стопы зря не пропадал, сделайте из него картинку. На что он похож?
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| Цыпленок |
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| Девочка |
Предлагаю пятничным вечером всей семьей поиграть в веселую игру “Чей туфля?”
Все садятся рядком и снимают свою обувь. Один из игроков поворачивается к остальным спиной и будет отгадывать. Другой игрок – ведущий. Ведущий берет обувь в произвольном порядке и спрашивает: “Чей туфля?” Отгадывающий должен не глядя назвать имя того, кому отдать эту обувь (включая и себя, но ему пока его пару не показывать). Когда все туфли будут розданы – наденьте их и побегайте по комнате. Так как они выдавались наугад, то у всех получилась обувь вперемешку – разнопарная, разных размеров. Уверяю вас, это очень весело 🙂
А, напоследок, давайте поиграем еще в одну игру прямо сейчас, в комментариях к этом посту? Вспомните, в каких произведениях (сказках, стихотворениях, рассказах, романах, песнях и фильмах) упоминается обувь? Только, чур, в интернете не искать, вспоминать самим 😉 Постарайтесь не повторять названия, уже написанные другими игроками. Победителей не будет, играем “на интерес”.
Я начинаю! Первое произведение – сказка Ш.Перро “Золушка”. Там большую роль играют хрустальные башмачки. Кстати, многие литературоведы считают, что башмачки Золушки на самом деле были из меха (такая обувь была распространена во Франции в то время), но из-за ошибки выражение “la pantoufle de vair”, т.е. “туфля из беличьего меха” превратилась в выражение “la pantoufle de verre”, т.е. буквально “стеклянная туфля”.
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| Какие же башмачки получила от феи Золушка? |
Чтобы я ответила и на ваши вопросы, присылайте их мне на почту tavika2000 @ yandex.ua (убрать пробелы) с пометкой “Клуб почемучек”. Все присланные в Клуб вопросы, независимо от того, публиковался на них ответ или нет, будут участвовать в розыгрыше приза. Об условиях его проведения и самом призе я сообщу позже.
Архив прошлых выпусков “Клуба почемучек” можно посмотреть ЗДЕСЬ.
Другие развивающие занятия по истории вещей и понятий вы найдете здесь: Почему шахматные фигуры так называются, Почему люди говорят на разных языках, Кто из живых существ первым полетел в космос, Почему буква “А” называется буквой “А”, Как люди научились печь хлеб, Где находится Край Света, Почему мальчики носят брюки, а девочки юбки, Игры в историю – Инструменты для письма, Игры в историю – Древняя Греция, История игральных карт
Материалы по теме:
История обуви со средних веков до ХIХ века http://www.izuminki.com/2012/12/10/istoriya-obuvi-so-srednix-vekov-do-xix-veka/
Женские и мужские шлепанцы (chopines) на платформе и прочие тапочки.15-17 век. http://marinni.livejournal.com/537847.html
Музей фактов http://muzey-factov.ru/tag/shoes
Сайт фактов http://sitefaktov.ru/index.php/home/318-obuv
Размеры обуви — все не так просто.
02.04.2018
Вы когда-нибудь задумывались о том, что значит все это многообразие цифр на внутренней стороне язычка кроссовки, где все привыкли смотреть размер обуви? Там мы, как правило, видим американский, английский и европейский размер обуви, а иногда еще и японский, но так было далеко не всегда.
До великой промышленной революции, а значит и до появления обувной промышленности, обувь либо делали на заказ у сапожника, изготавливая ее точно под размер ноги заказчика, либо, если человек не мог позволить себе воспользоваться услугами сапожника, он вынужден был носить лапти, сабо, валенки, ну или любую другую обувь того же толка.
С началом массового производства обуви появилась необходимость в введении системы размеров обуви. В Европе на тот момент уже была принята метрическая система, а потому и система размеров обуви основывалась именно на ней. Единицей измерения был выбран парижский штих(2/3 сантиметра или 6,6 миллиметра) и сейчас эта система принята во всех европейскийхстранах, то есть знакомые нам размеры вроде 38 или 44 — это, фактически, размер обуви, указанный в парижских штихах.
Великобритания же решила пойти своим путем, а потому до сих пор остается одной из немногих стран, где используется Имперская или английская система мер. В этой системе основной мерой длины было выбрано ячменное зерно. Выбор ,как вы понимаете, был достаточно странный и спорный, а потому вскоре было принято решение ввести стандартную среднюю длину ячменного зерна, которая равнялась 1/3 дюйма(8,46 мм).Но это только первый этап в череде необычных решений. Далее был выбран самый большой размер обуви — 12UK, который соответствовал 1 футу(30,5 см), а каждый последующий размер отличался от предыдущего на 1 ячменное зерно или на 8,46 мм.То есть размер 11UK = 12UK(30,5 см) — 1 ячменное зерно(0,846 см) = 29,6 см.Из-за того, что фиксировался максимальный размер обуви, а не минимальный, шкала в итоге не пришла ни к 0, ни 1 размеру, а значит «минимальный практичный размер» в английской системе размеров обуви был обозначен как 3,5 UK. Ах да, совсем забыли упомянуть, что из-за слишком большой единицы измерения в итоге пришлось вводить еще и дробные размеры, то есть делать шаг в половину ячменного зерна(4.23 мм).
А Adidas, ко всему прочему, умудрились разделить на 3 части парижский штих, таким образом переплюнув половинные размеры англичан, так что у них вы без труда сможете встретить, например, размер 42 2/3.
Американцы же пошли еще дальше, сдвинув минимальную практичную длину, максимальную длину, а заодно и разделив размеры на мужские и женские, таким образом разрушив и без того тяжелую для восприятия логику.
И если осознать, что творилось и творится в размерных сетках обуви в Великобритании и США достаточно тяжело, то вот с японскими размерами никаких проблем нет. Японцы со свойственной им прагматичностью решили измерять обувь в сантиметрах, а потому там все до неприличия просто.
Единственное, что нужно учитывать — это тот факт, что если мы говорим о размере 8,5UK/9US/27см, то 27 см — это длина основы, на которой собирается ботинок или кроссовка, ну или длина стельки, но никак не длина самой стопы, так что, как правило, длина стопы должна быть примерно на 1-1,5 сантиметра меньше, чем длина указанная на бирке. Правда последнее время многие производители стремятся хоть как-то облегчить для покупателя эту нелегкую задачу подбора обуви, а потому постепенно приводят свои размерные сетки в более или менее упорядоченный вид.
Если после ознакомления со всем этим многообразием размерных сеток вы окончательно потеряли надежду разобраться со своим размером обуви, не отчаивайтесь, ведь идеально подобрать нужный размер вам всегда помогут Бутлеггеры на Писарева 6-8В
материал подготовил Александр Юфа.
A soldier recruit measuring for shoe size during uniform issue at the Afghan National Army training site in Kabul, Afghanistan, 2002
A shoe size is an indication of the fitting size of a shoe for a person.
There are a number of different shoe-size systems used worldwide. While all shoe sizes use a number to indicate the length of the shoe, they differ in exactly what they measure, what unit of measurement they use, and where the size 0 (or 1) is positioned. Some systems also indicate the shoe width, sometimes also as a number, but in many cases by one or more letters. Some regions use different shoe-size systems for different types of shoes (e.g. men’s, women’s, children’s, sport, and safety shoes). This article sets out several complexities in the definition of shoe sizes. In practice, shoes are often tried on for both size and fit before they are purchased.
Deriving the shoe size[edit]
Foot versus shoe and last[edit]
The length of a person’s foot is commonly defined as the distance between two parallel lines that are perpendicular to the foot and in contact with the most prominent toe and the most prominent part of the heel. Foot length is measured with the subject standing barefoot and the weight of the body equally distributed between both feet.
The sizes of the left and right feet are often slightly different. In this case, both feet are measured, and purchasers of mass-produced shoes are advised to purchase a shoe size based on the larger foot, as most retailers do not sell pairs of shoes in non-matching sizes.
Each size of shoe is considered suitable for a small interval of foot lengths, typically limited by half-point of the shoe size system.
A shoe-size system can refer to three characteristic lengths:
- The median length of feet for which a shoe is suitable. For customers, this measure has the advantage of being directly related to their body measures. It applies equally to any type, form, or material of shoe. However, this measure is less popular with manufacturers,[citation needed] because it requires them to test carefully for each new shoe model, for which range of foot sizes it is recommendable. It puts on the manufacturer the burden of ensuring that the shoe will fit a foot of a given length.
- The length of the inner cavity of the shoe. This measure has the advantage that it can be measured easily on the finished product. However, it will vary with manufacturing tolerances and only gives the customer very crude information about the range of foot sizes for which the shoe is suitable.
- The length of the «last», the foot-shaped template over which the shoe is manufactured. This measure is the easiest one for the manufacturer to use, because it identifies only the tool used to produce the shoe. It makes no promise about manufacturing tolerances or for what size of foot the shoe is actually suitable. It leaves all responsibility and risk of choosing the correct size with the customer. Further, the last can be measured in several different ways, resulting in different measurements.[1]
All these measures differ substantially from one another for the same shoe. For example, the inner cavity of a shoe must typically be 15 mm longer than the foot, and the shoe last would be 2 size points larger than the foot, but this varies between different types of shoes and the shoe size system used. The typical range lies between 1⁄2 to 2⁄3 inch (12.7 to 16.9 mm) for the UK/US size system and 4⁄3 to 5⁄3 cm (13.3 to 16.7 mm) for the European size system, but may extend to 1⁄4 to 3⁄4 inch (6.4 to 19.1 mm) and 2⁄3 to 6⁄3 cm (6.7 to 20.0 mm).
Length[edit]
Sizing systems also differ in the units of measurement they use. This also results in different increments between shoe sizes, because usually only «full» or «half» sizes are made.
The following length units are commonly used today to define shoe-size systems:
- The Paris point equates to 2⁄3 centimetre (6.67 mm; 0.26 in). Whole sizes are incremented by 1 Paris point; this corresponds to 3.33 millimetres (0.131 in) between half sizes. This unit is commonly used in Continental Europe, and Russia and former USSR countries.
- The barleycorn is an old English unit that equates to 1⁄3 inch (8.47 mm). This is the basis for current UK and North American shoe sizes, with the largest shoe size taken as twelve inches (a size 12) i.e. 30.5 cm, and then counting backwards in barleycorn units, so a size 11 is 11.67 inches or 29.6 cm.
- Metric measurements in millimetres (mm) or centimetres (cm), with intervals of 5 mm and 7.5 mm are used in the international Mondopoint system (USSR/Russia and East Asia).
Since the early 2000s, labels on sports shoes typically include sizes measured in all four systems: EU, UK, US and cm (Mondopoint).
Zero point[edit]
The sizing systems also place size 0 (or 1) at different locations:
- Size 0 as a foot’s length of 0. The shoe size is directly proportional to the length of the foot in the chosen unit of measurement. Sizes of children’s, men’s, and women’s shoes, as well as sizes of different types of shoes, can be compared directly. This is used with the Mondopoint system (USSR/Russia and East Asia).
- Size 0 as the length of the shoe’s inner cavity of 0. The shoe size is then directly proportional to the inner length of the shoe. This is used with systems that also take the measurement from the shoe. While sizes of children’s, men’s and women’s shoes can be compared directly, this is not necessarily true for different types of shoes that require a different amount of «wiggle room» in the toe box. This is used with the Continental European system.
- Size 0 (or 1) can just be simply a shoe of a given length. Typically, this will be the shortest length deemed practical; but this can be different for children’s, teenagers’, men’s, and women’s shoes — making it impossible to compare sizes. For example, a women’s shoe at size 8 is a different length from a men’s shoe at size 8 in the US system, but not the British.
Width[edit]
Some systems also include the width of a foot (or the girth of a shoe last), but do so in a variety of ways:
- Measured foot width in millimetres (mm) — this is done with the Mondopoint system.
- Measured width as a letter (or combination of letters), which is taken from a table (indexed to length and width/girth) or just assigned on an ad-hoc basis. Examples are (each starting with the narrowest width):
- AAA, AA, A, B, C, D, E, EE, EEE is the typical North American system and follows the brannock device standards, per the system B is narrow, C is regular, D is medium, E is wide, EE is extra wide and so on.
- 4A, 3A, 2A, A, B, C, D, E, 2E, 3E, 4E, 5E, 6E (variant North American).
- In Japanese Mondopoint system the unlettered D size is the norm for men and B for women in its foot circumference.
- C, D, E, F, G, H (common UK; «medium» is usually F but varies by manufacturer—makers Edward Green and Crockett & Jones, among others, use E instead, but one maker’s E is not necessarily the same size as another’s).
- N (narrow), M (medium) or R (regular), W (wide).
The width for which these sizes are suitable can vary significantly between manufacturers. The A–E width indicators used by most American, Canadian, and some British shoe manufacturers are typically based on the width of the foot, and common step sizes are 3⁄16 inch (4.8 mm).
Difficulties[edit]
There could be differences between various shoe size tables from shoemakers and shoe stores. They are usually due to the following factors:
- Different methods of measuring the shoes, different manufacturing processes, or different allowances[1] even when the same system is used.
- An indication in centimetres or inches can mean the length of the foot or the length of the shoe’s inner cavity.
- Differing amounts of wiggle room required for different sizes of shoes.
- For wide feet, a shoe several sizes larger (and actually too long) may be required and may also result in inconsistent size indications when different typical widths are attributed to specific shoe sizing systems.
- Some tables for children take future growth into account. The shoe size is then larger than what would correspond to the actual length of the foot.[2]
Conversion tables available on the Web often contain obvious errors, not taking into account different zero points or wiggle room.
Although shoe size systems are not fully standardised, the ISO/TC 137 had released a technical specification ISO/TS 19407:2015 for converting shoe sizes across various local sizing systems. Even though the problem of converting shoe sizes accurately has yet to be fully resolved, this standard serves as «a good compromise solution» for shoe-buyers.[3][4]
Common sizing systems[edit]
United Kingdom[edit]
Shoe size in the United Kingdom, Ireland, India, Pakistan and South Africa is based on the length of the last used to make the shoes, measured in barleycorns (1⁄3 inch) starting from the smallest size deemed practical, which is called size zero. It is not formally standardised. Note that the last is typically longer than the foot heel to toe length by 1⁄2 to 2⁄3 in or 1+1⁄2 to 2 barleycorns, so to determine the shoe size based on actual foot length one must add 2 barleycorns.
A child’s size zero is equivalent to 4 inches (a hand = 12 barleycorns = 10.16 cm), and the sizes go up to size 13+1⁄2 (measuring 25+1⁄2 barleycorns, or 8+1⁄2 inches (21.59 cm)). Thus, the calculation for a children’s shoe size in the UK is:
- child shoe size (barleycorns) = 3 × last length (in) − 12
equivalent to:
- child shoe size (barleycorns) ≈ 3 × foot length (in) − 10.
An adult size one is then the next size up (26 barleycorns, or 8+2⁄3 in (22.01 cm)) and each size up continues the progression in barleycorns.[5] The calculation for an adult shoe size in the UK is thus:
- adult shoe size (barleycorns) = 3 × last length (in) − 25
equivalent to:
- adult shoe size (barleycorns) ≈ 3 × foot length (in) − 23.
Although this sizing standard is nominally for both men and women, some manufacturers use different numbering for women’s UK sizing.
In Australia and New Zealand, the UK system is followed for men and children’s footwear. Women’s footwear follows the US sizings.
In Mexico, shoes are sized either according to the foot length they are intended to fit, in cm, or alternatively to another variation of the barleycorn system, with sizes calculated approximately as:
- adult shoe size (barleycorns) = 3 × last length (in) − 25+1⁄2
equivalent to:
- adult shoe size (barleycorns) ≈ 3 × foot length (in) − 23+1⁄2.
United States[edit]
In the United States and Canada, the traditional system is similar to British but there are different zero points for children’s, men’s, and women’s shoe sizes. The most common is the customary system where men’s shoes are one size longer than the UK equivalent, making a men’s 13 in the US the same size as a men’s 12 in the UK.
Customary[edit]
The customary system is offset by 1⁄4 barleycorn, or 1⁄12 in (2.12 mm), comparing to the UK sizes. The men’s range starts at size 1, with zero point corresponding to the children’s size 13 which equals 24+3⁄4 barleycorns or 8+1⁄4 inches (20.96 cm).
However, most US manufacturers are using greater offsets, such as 1⁄2 and 1 barleycorns.[6] Therefore in current practice, US men’s size 1 equals 25 barleycorns, or 8+1⁄3 in (21.17 cm), so the calculation for a male shoe size in the United States is:
- male shoe size (barleycorns) = 3 × last length (in) − 24
equivalent to:
- male shoe size (barleycorns) ≈ 3 × foot length (in) − 22.
In the «standard» or «FIA» (Footwear Industries of America) scale, women’s sizes are men’s sizes plus 1 (so a men’s 10+1⁄2 is a women’s 11+1⁄2):
- female shoe size (barleycorns) = 3 × last length (in) − 23
equivalent to:
- female shoe size (barleycorns) ≈ 3 × foot length (in) − 21.
There is also the «common» scale, where women’s sizes are equal to men’s sizes plus 1+1⁄2.
Children’s shoes start from size zero, which is equivalent to 3+11⁄12 inches (11+3⁄4 barleycorns = 99.48 mm), and end at 13+1⁄2. Thus the formula for children’s sizes in the US is
- child shoe size (barleycorns) = 3 × last length (in) − 113⁄4
equivalent to:
- child shoe size (barleycorns) ≈ 3 × foot length (in) − 93⁄4.
Alternatively, a Mondopoint-based scale running from K4 to K13 and then 1 to 7 is in use.[7] K4 to K9 are toddler sizes, K10 to K13 are pre-school and 1 to 7 are grade school sizes.
Brannock Device[edit]
The Brannock Device is a measuring instrument invented by Charles F. Brannock in 1925 and now found in many shoe stores. The recent formula used by the Brannock device assumes a foot length of 2 barleycorns less than the length of the last; thus, men’s size 1 is equivalent to a last’s length of 8+1⁄3 in (21.17 cm) and foot’s length of 7+2⁄3 in (19.47 cm), and children’s size 1 is equivalent to 4+1⁄4 in (10.8 cm) last’s length and 3+7⁄12 in (9.1 cm) foot’s length.[8][9]
The device also measures the length of the arch, or the distance between the heel and the ball (metatarsal head) of the foot. For this measurement, the device has a shorter scale at the instep of the foot with an indicator that slides into position. If this scale indicates a larger size, it is taken in place of the foot’s length to ensure proper fitting.[2]
For children’s sizes, additional wiggle room is added to allow for growth.[2]
The device also measures the width of the foot and assigns it designations of AAA, AA, A, B, C, D, E, EE, or EEE. The widths are 3⁄16 inches apart and differ by shoe length.[8]
Some shoe stores and medical professionals use optical 3D surface scanners to precisely measure the length and width of both feet and recommend the appropriate shoe model and size.[10]
Conversion between US and UK sizing[edit]
| Last length | Foot length/Brannock | UK sizes | US sizes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (in) | (mm) | (in) | (mm) | Children’s | Children’s |
| 3+11⁄12 | 99.483 | 3+1⁄4 | 82.55 | 0 | |
| 4 | 101.6 | 3+1⁄3 | 84.66 | 0 | |
| 4+1⁄12 | 103.716 | 3+5⁄12 | 86.783 | 0.5 | |
| 4+1⁄6 | 105.83 | 3+1⁄2 | 88.9 | 0.5 | |
| 4+1⁄4 | 107.95 | 3+7⁄12 | 91.016 | 1 | |
| 4+1⁄3 | 110.06 | 3+2⁄3 | 93.13 | 1 | |
| 4+5⁄12 | 112.183 | 3+3⁄4 | 95.25 | 1.5 | |
| 4+1⁄2 | 114.3 | 3+5⁄6 | 97.35 | 1.5 | |
| 4+7⁄12 | 115.71 | 3+11⁄12 | 99.483 | 2 | |
| 4+2⁄3 | 118.53 | 4 | 101.6 | 2 | |
| 4+3⁄4 | 120.65 | 4+1⁄12 | 103.716 | 2.5 | |
| 4+5⁄6 | 122.76 | 4+1⁄6 | 105.83 | 2.5 | |
| 4+11⁄12 | 124.883 | 4+1⁄4 | 107.95 | 3 | |
| 5 | 127.0 | 4+1⁄3 | 110.06 | 3 | |
| 5+1⁄12 | 129.116 | 4+5⁄12 | 112.183 | 3.5 | |
| 5+1⁄6 | 131.23 | 4+1⁄2 | 114.3 | 3.5 | |
| 5+1⁄4 | 133.35 | 4+7⁄12 | 116.416 | 4 | |
| 5+1⁄3 | 135.46 | 4+2⁄3 | 118.53 | 4 | |
| 5+5⁄12 | 137.583 | 4+3⁄4 | 120.65 | 4.5 | |
| 5+1⁄2 | 139.7 | 4+5⁄6 | 122.76 | 4.5 | |
| 5+7⁄12 | 141.816 | 4+11⁄12 | 124.883 | 5 | |
| 5+2⁄3 | 143.93 | 5 | 127.0 | 5 | |
| 5+3⁄4 | 146.05 | 5+1⁄12 | 129.116 | 5.5 | |
| 5+5⁄6 | 148.16 | 5+1⁄6 | 131.23 | 5.5 | |
| 5+11⁄12 | 150.283 | 5+1⁄4 | 133.35 | 6 | |
| 6 | 152.4 | 5+1⁄3 | 135.46 | 6 | |
| 6+1⁄12 | 154.516 | 5+5⁄12 | 137.583 | 6.5 | |
| 6+1⁄6 | 156.63 | 5+1⁄2 | 139.7 | 6.5 | |
| 6+1⁄4 | 158.75 | 5+7⁄12 | 141.816 | 7 | |
| 6+1⁄3 | 160.86 | 5+2⁄3 | 143.92 | 7 | |
| 6+5⁄12 | 162.983 | 5+3⁄4 | 146.05 | 7.5 | |
| 6+1⁄2 | 165.1 | 5+5⁄6 | 148.16 | 7.5 | |
| 6+7⁄12 | 167.216 | 5+11⁄12 | 150.283 | 8 | |
| 6+2⁄3 | 169.3 | 6 | 152.4 | 8 | |
| 6+3⁄4 | 171.45 | 6+1⁄12 | 154.516 | 8.5 | |
| 6+5⁄6 | 173.56 | 6+1⁄6 | 156.63 | 8.5 | |
| 6+11⁄12 | 173.56 | 6+1⁄4 | 158.75 | 9 | |
| 7 | 177.8 | 6+1⁄3 | 160.86 | 9 | |
| 7+1⁄12 | 179.913 | 6+5⁄12 | 162.983 | 9.5 | |
| 7+1⁄6 | 182.03 | 6+1⁄2 | 165.1 | 9.5 | |
| 7+1⁄4 | 183.4 | 6+7⁄12 | 166.51 | 10 | |
| 7+1⁄3 | 186.26 | 6+2⁄3 | 169.3 | 10 | |
| 7+5⁄12 | 188.383 | 6+3⁄4 | 170.45 | 10.5 | |
| 7+1⁄2 | 190.5 | 6+5⁄6 | 173.56 | 10.5 | |
| 7+7⁄12 | 192.616 | 6+11⁄12 | 174.97 | 11 | |
| 7+2⁄3 | 194.73 | 7 | 177.8 | 11 | |
| 7+3⁄4 | 196.85 | 7+1⁄12 | 179.916 | 11.5 | |
| 7+5⁄6 | 198.96 | 7+1⁄6 | 182.03 | 11.5 | |
| 7+11⁄12 | 201.083 | 7+1⁄4 | 184.15 | 12 | |
| 8 | 203.2 | 7+1⁄3 | 186.26 | 12 | |
| 8+1⁄12 | 205.315 | 7+5⁄12 | 188.383 | 12.5 | |
| 8+1⁄6 | 207.43 | 7+1⁄2 | 190.5 | 12.5 | |
| 8+1⁄4 | 209.5 | 7+7⁄12 | 192.616 | 13 | |
| 8+1⁄3 | 211.6 | 7+2⁄3 | 194.73 | 13 | |
| 8+5⁄12 | 213.783 | 7+3⁄4 | 196.85 | 13.5 | |
| 8+1⁄2 | 215.9 | 7+5⁄6 | 198.96 | 13.5 | |
| (in) | (mm) | (in) | (mm) | Children’s | Children’s |
| Last length | Foot length/Brannock | UK sizes | US sizes |
| Last length | Foot length/Brannock | UK sizes | US sizes | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (in) | (mm) | (in) | (mm) | Adults’ | Men’s | Women’s |
| 8 | 203.2 | 7+1⁄3 | 186.26 | (12) | (12.25) | 1 |
| 8+1⁄6 | 207.43 | 7+1⁄2 | 190.5 | (12.5) | (12.75) | 1.5 |
| 8+1⁄3 | 211.6 | 7+2⁄3 | 194.73 | 0 (13) | 1 (13.25) | 2 |
| 8+1⁄2 | 215.9 | 7+5⁄6 | 198.96 | 0.5 (13.5) | 1.5 | 2.5 |
| 8+2⁄3 | 220.13 | 8 | 203.2 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| 8+5⁄6 | 224.36 | 8+1⁄6 | 207.43 | 1.5 | 2.5 | 3.5 |
| 9 | 228.6 | 8+1⁄3 | 211.6 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| 9+1⁄6 | 232.83 | 8+1⁄2 | 215.9 | 2.5 | 3.5 | 4.5 |
| 9+1⁄3 | 237.06 | 8+2⁄3 | 220.13 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| 9+1⁄2 | 241.3 | 8+5⁄6 | 224.36 | 3.5 | 4.5 | 5.5 |
| 9+2⁄3 | 245.53 | 9 | 228.6 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| 9+5⁄6 | 249.76 | 9+1⁄6 | 232.83 | 4.5 | 5.5 | 6.5 |
| 10 | 254.0 | 9+1⁄3 | 237.06 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| 10+1⁄6 | 258.23 | 9+1⁄2 | 241.3 | 5.5 | 6.5 | 7.5 |
| 10+1⁄3 | 262.46 | 9+2⁄3 | 245.53 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
| 10+1⁄2 | 266.7 | 9+5⁄6 | 249.76 | 6.5 | 7.5 | 8.5 |
| 10+2⁄3 | 270.93 | 10 | 254.0 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
| 10+5⁄6 | 275.16 | 10+1⁄6 | 258.23 | 7.5 | 8.5 | 9.5 |
| 11 | 279.4 | 10+1⁄3 | 262.46 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| 11+1⁄6 | 283.63 | 10+1⁄2 | 266.7 | 8.5 | 9.5 | 10.5 |
| 11+1⁄3 | 287.86 | 10+2⁄3 | 270.93 | 9 | 10 | 11 |
| 11+1⁄2 | 292.1 | 10+5⁄6 | 275.16 | 9.5 | 10.5 | 11.5 |
| 11+2⁄3 | 296.3 | 11 | 279.4 | 10 | 11 | 12 |
| 11+5⁄6 | 300.56 | 11+1⁄6 | 283.63 | 10.5 | 11.5 | 12.5 |
| 12 | 304.8 | 11+1⁄3 | 287.86 | 11 | 12 | 13 |
| 12+1⁄6 | 309.03 | 11+1⁄2 | 292.1 | 11.5 | 12.5 | 13.5 |
| 12+1⁄3 | 313.26 | 11+2⁄3 | 296.3 | 12 | 13 | 14 |
| 12+1⁄2 | 317.5 | 11+5⁄6 | 300.56 | 12.5 | 13.5 | 14.5 |
| 12+2⁄3 | 321.73 | 12 | 304.8 | 13 | 14 | 15 |
| 12+5⁄6 | 325.97 | 12+1⁄6 | 309.03 | 13.5 | 14.5 | 15.5 |
| 13 | 330.2 | 12+1⁄3 | 313.26 | 14 | 15 | 16 |
| 13+1⁄6 | 334.43 | 12+1⁄2 | 317.5 | 14.5 | 15.5 | 16.5 |
| 13+1⁄3 | 338.67 | 12+2⁄3 | 321.73 | 15 | 16 | 17 |
| 13+1⁄2 | 342.9 | 12+5⁄6 | 325.97 | 15.5 | 16.5 | 17.5 |
| 13+2⁄3 | 347.13 | 13 | 330.2 | 16 | 17 | 18 |
| (in) | (mm) | (in) | (mm) | Adults’ | Men’s | Women’s |
| Last length | Foot length/Brannock | UK sizes | US sizes |
Continental Europe[edit]
In the Continental European system, the shoe size is the length of the last, expressed in Paris points or 2⁄3 cm (6.67 mm), for both sexes and for adults and children alike. Note that the last is typically longer than the foot heel to toe length by 4⁄3 cm (13.33 mm) to 5⁄3 cm (16.67 mm), or 2 to 2+1⁄2 Paris points, so to determine the shoe size based on actual foot length one must add 2 Paris points.
Because a Paris point is 2⁄3 of a centimetre, the formula is as follows:
- shoe size (Paris points) = 3⁄2 × last length (cm)
equivalent to:
- shoe size (Paris points) ≈ (3⁄2 × foot length (cm)) + 2.
The Continental European system is used in Austria, Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany,[11] Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Spain,[12] Sweden, Switzerland, and most other continental European countries. It is also used in Middle Eastern countries (such as Iran), Brazil—which uses the same method but subtracts 2 from the final result, in effect measuring foot size instead of last size[citation needed]—and, commonly, Hong Kong. The system is sometimes described as Stich size (from Pariser Stich, the German name for the Paris point), or Stichmaß size (from a German name of a micrometer for internal measurements).
Mondopoint[edit]
Measurement of foot length, width and perimeter (cirсumference) as defined in the Mondopoint standard
The Mondopoint shoe length system is widely used in the sports industry to size athletic shoes, ski boots, skates, and pointe ballet shoes; it was also adopted as the primary shoe sizing system in the Soviet Union,[13] Russia,[14] East Germany, China,[15] Japan, Taiwan, and South Korea, and as an optional system in the United Kingdom,[16] India,[17] Mexico, and European countries. The Mondopoint system is also used by NATO and other military services.
The Mondopoint system was introduced in the 1970s by International Standard ISO 2816:1973 «Fundamental characteristics of a system of shoe sizing to be known as Mondopoint» and ISO 3355:1975 «Shoe sizes – System of length grading (for use in the Mondopoint system)».[18] ISO 9407:2019, «Shoe sizes—Mondopoint system of sizing and marking»,[19] is the current version of the standard.
The Mondopoint system is based on average foot length and foot width for which the shoe is suitable, measured in millimetres. The length of the foot is measured as horizontal distance between the perpendiculars in contact with the end of the most prominent toe and the most prominent part of the heel. The width of the foot is measured as horizontal distance between vertical lines in contact with the first and fifth metatarsophalangeal joints. The perimeter of the foot is the length of the foot circumference, measured with a flexible tape at the same points as foot width. The origin of the grade is zero.
The labeling typically includes foot length, followed by an optional foot width: a shoe size of 280/110 indicates a foot length of 280 millimetres (11.0 in) and width of 110 millimetres (4.3 in). Other customary markings, such as EU, UK and US sizes, may also be used.
Because Mondopoint takes the foot width into account, it allows for better fitting than most other systems. A given shoe size shall fit every foot with indicated average measurements, and those differing by no more than a half-step of the corresponding interval grid. Standard foot lengths are defined with interval steps of 5 mm for casual footwear and steps of 7.5 mm for specialty (protective) footwear. The standard is maintained by ISO Technical Committee 137 «Footwear sizing designations and marking systems.»
East Asia[edit]
In Japan, mainland China, Taiwan, and South Korea, the Mondopoint system is used as defined by national standard Japanese Industrial Standards (JIS) S 5037:1998 and its counterparts Guobiao (GB/T) 3293.1-1998, Chinese National Standard (CNS) 4800-S1093:2000 and Korean Standards Association (KS) M 6681:2007.
Foot length and girth (foot circumference) are taken into account.[20] The foot length is indicated in centimetres; an increment of 5 mm is used.
The length is followed by designators for girth (A, B, C, D, E, EE, EEE, EEEE, F, G), which are specified in an indexed table as foot circumference in millimetres for each given foot length; foot width is also included as supplemental information. There are different tables for men’s, women’s, and children’s (less than 12 years of age) shoes. Not all designators are used for all genders and in all countries. For example, the largest girth for women in Taiwan is EEEE, whereas in Japan, it is F.
The foot length and width can also be indicated in millimetres, separated by a slash or a hyphen.
Soviet Union (Russia, Commonwealth of Independent States)[edit]
Historically the Soviet Union used the European (Paris point) system, but the Mondopoint metric system was introduced in the 1980s by GOST 24382-80 «Sizes of Sport Shoes» (based on ISO 2816:1973) and GOST 11373-88 «Shoe Sizes» (based on ISO 3355:1975), and lately by GOST R 58149-2018 (based on ISO 9407:1991)
Standard metric foot sizes can be converted to the nearest Paris point (2⁄3 cm) sizes using approximate conversion tables; shoes are marked with both foot length in millimetres, as for pointe ballet shoe sizes, and last length in European Paris point sizes (although such converted Stichmaß sizes may come 1⁄2 to 1 size smaller than comparable European-made adult footwear, and up to 1+1⁄2 sizes smaller for children’s footwear, according to ISO 19407 shoe size definitions). Foot lengths are aligned to 5 mm intervals for sports and casual shoes, and 7.5 mm for protective/safety shoes. Optional foot width designations includes narrow, normal (medium or regular), and wide grades.
Infant sizes start at 16 (95 mm) and pre-school kids at 23 (140 mm); schoolchildren sizes span 32 (202.5 mm) to 40 (255 mm) for girls and 32 to 44 (285 mm) for boys. Adult sizes span 33 (210 mm) to 44 for women and 38 (245 mm) to 48 (310 mm) for men.
| Mondopoint/foot length (mm) | Stichmaß size | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 5.0 | 7.5 | Infants | Pre-school kids |
| 95 | 16 | — | |
| 100 | 16.5 | ||
| 105 | 17 | ||
| 110 | 18 | ||
| 115 | 19 | ||
| 120 | 19.5 | ||
| 125 | 20 | ||
| 130 | 21 | ||
| 135 | 22 | ||
| 140 | 22.5 | ||
| 145 | — | 23 | |
| 150 | 24 | ||
| 155 | 25 | ||
| 160 | 25.5 | ||
| 165 | 26 | ||
| 170 | 27 | ||
| 172.5 | 27.5 | ||
| 175 | 28 | ||
| 180 | 180 | 28.5 | |
| 185 | 29 | ||
| 187.5 | 9.5 | ||
| 190 | 30 | ||
| 195 | 195 | 31 | |
| 200 | 31.5 |
| Mondopoint/foot length (mm) | Stichmaß size | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5.0 | 7.5 | Girls | Boys | Women | Men |
| 202.5 | 32 | — | — | ||
| 205 | |||||
| 210 | 210 | 33 | |||
| 215 | 34 | ||||
| 217.5 | 34.5 | ||||
| 220 | |||||
| 225 | 225 | 35 | |||
| 230 | 36 | ||||
| 232.5 | 36.5 | ||||
| 235 | 37 | ||||
| 240 | 240 | 37.5 | |||
| 245 | 38 | ||||
| 247.5 | 38.5 | ||||
| 250 | 39 | ||||
| 255 | 255 | 40 | |||
| 260 | — | 40.5 | |||
| 262.5 | 41 | ||||
| 265 | |||||
| 270 | 270 | 42 | |||
| 275 | 43 | ||||
| 277.5 | |||||
| 280 | 43.5 | ||||
| 285 | 285 | — | 44 | ||
| 290 | — | 45 | |||
| 292.5 | 45.5 | ||||
| 295 | 46 | ||||
| 300 | 300 | 46.5 | |||
| 305 | 47 | ||||
| 307.5 | 47.5 | ||||
| 310 | 48 |
ISO 19407 and shoe size conversion[edit]
ISO/TS 19407:2015 Footwear — Sizing — Conversion of sizing systems is a technical specification from the International Organization for Standardization. It contains basic description and conversion tables for major shoe sizing systems[3] including Mondopoint with length steps of 5 mm and 7.5 mm, European Paris point system, and UK 1⁄3-inch system. The standard has also been adopted as Russian GOST R 57425-2017.
The standard is maintained by ISO/TC 137, which also developed ISO/TS 19408:2015 Footwear — Sizing — Vocabulary and terminology; in development are companion standards ISO/TS 19409 «Footwear — Sizing — Measurement of last dimensions» and ISO/TS 19410 «Footwear — Sizing — Inshoe measurement».
Shoe sizing[edit]
The adult shoe sizes are calculated from typical last length, which is converted from foot length in millimetres by adding an allowance of two shoe sizes:
![{displaystyle {begin{aligned}{text{EUR shoe size}}&={frac {L+2times {6.66{bar {6}}}}{6.6{bar {6}}}}={frac {3}{20}}times {L}+2\[3pt]{text{UK shoe size}}&={frac {L+2times {8.4{bar {6}}}}{8.4{bar {6}}}}-25={frac {3}{25.4}}times {L}-23end{aligned}}}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/dd868deb913b027f9c0479de493607dfc8136dfa)
where L is foot length in millimetres.
Direct conversion between adult UK, Continental European and Mondopoint shoe size systems is derived as follows:
![{displaystyle {begin{aligned}L&={frac {20}{3}}times left({text{EUR shoe size}}-2right)={frac {25.4}{3}}times left({text{UK shoe size}}+23right)\[3pt]{text{EUR shoe size}}&={1.27times left({text{UK shoe size}}+23right)}+2\[3pt]{text{UK shoe size}}&={frac {{text{EUR shoe size}}-2}{1.27}}-23end{aligned}}}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/e256ab600fa533d020101da11a8087779b89d31f)
Using these formulas, the standard derives shoe size tables for adults and children, based on actual foot length measurement (insole) in millimetres. Typical last length ranges are also included (13 to 25 mm over foot length for adults, 8% greater than foot length plus 6 mm for children).
Exact foot lengths may contain repeating decimals because the formulas include division by 3; in practice, approximate interval steps of 6.67 mm and 8.47 mm are used, and sizes are rounded to either the nearest half size or closest matching Mondopoint size.
| Foot length | Mondopoint | EUR | UK | US | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (mm) | (cm) | (inch) | 5.0 mm | 7.5 mm | 6.6 mm | 8.46 mm | 0.3 inch |
| 210.0 | 210 | 210 | 33.5 | ||||
| 211.6 | 8+1⁄3 | 2 | 3 | ||||
| 213.3 | 21+1⁄3 | 34 | |||||
| 215.0 | 215 | ||||||
| 215.9 | 8+1⁄2 | 2.5 | 3.5 | ||||
| 216.6 | 21+2⁄3 | 34.5 | |||||
| 217.5 | 217.5 | ||||||
| 220.0 | 22 | 220 | 35 | ||||
| 220.13 | 8+2⁄3 | 3 | 4 | ||||
| 223.3 | 22+1⁄3 | 35.5 | |||||
| 224.36 | 8+5⁄6 | 3.5 | 4.5 | ||||
| 225.0 | 225 | 225 | |||||
| 226.6 | 22+2⁄3 | 36 | |||||
| 228.6 | 9 | 4 | 5 | ||||
| 230.0 | 23 | 230 | 36.5 | ||||
| 232.5 | 232.5 | ||||||
| 232.83 | 9+1⁄6 | 4.5 | 5.5 | ||||
| 233.3 | 23+1⁄3 | 37 | |||||
| 235.0 | 235 | ||||||
| 236.6 | 23+2⁄3 | 37.5 | |||||
| 237.06 | 9+1⁄3 | 5 | 6 | ||||
| 240.0 | 24 | 240 | 240 | 38 | |||
| 241.3 | 9+1⁄2 | 5.5 | 6.5 | ||||
| 243.3 | 24+1⁄3 | 38.5 | |||||
| 245.0 | 245 | ||||||
| 245.53 | 9+2⁄3 | 6 | 7 | ||||
| 246.6 | 24+2⁄3 | 39 | |||||
| 247.5 | 247.5 | ||||||
| 249.76 | 9+5⁄6 | 6.5 | 7.5 | ||||
| 250.0 | 25 | 250 | 39.5 | ||||
| 253.3 | 25+1⁄3 | 40 | |||||
| 254.0 | 10 | 7 | 8 | ||||
| 255.0 | 255 | 255 | |||||
| 256.6 | 25+2⁄3 | 40.5 | |||||
| 258.23 | 10+1⁄6 | 7.5 | 8.5 | ||||
| 260.0 | 26 | 260 | 41 | ||||
| 262.46 | 10+1⁄3 | 8 | 9 | ||||
| 262.5 | 262.5 | ||||||
| 263.3 | 26+1⁄3 | 41.5 | |||||
| 265.0 | 265 | ||||||
| 266.6 | 26+2⁄3 | 42 | |||||
| 266.7 | 10.5 | 8.5 | 9.5 | ||||
| 270.0 | 27 | 270 | 270 | 42.5 | |||
| 270.93 | 10+2⁄3 | 9 | 10 | ||||
| 273.3 | 27+1⁄3 | 43 | |||||
| 275.0 | 275 | ||||||
| 275.16 | 10+5⁄6 | 9.5 | 10.5 | ||||
| 276.6 | 27+2⁄3 | 43.5 | |||||
| 277.5 | 277.5 | ||||||
| 279.4 | 11 | 10 | 11 | ||||
| 280.0 | 28 | 280 | 44 | ||||
| 283.3 | 28+1⁄3 | 44.5 | |||||
| 283.63 | 11+1⁄6 | 10.5 | 11.5 | ||||
| 285.0 | 285 | 285 | |||||
| 286.6 | 28+2⁄3 | 45 | |||||
| 287.86 | 11+1⁄3 | 11 | 12 | ||||
| 290.0 | 29 | 290 | 45.5 | ||||
| 292.1 | 11+1⁄2 | 11.5 | 12.5 | ||||
| 292.5 | 292.5 | ||||||
| 293.3 | 29+1⁄3 | 46 | |||||
| 295.0 | 295 | ||||||
| 296.3 | 11+2⁄3 | 12 | 13 | ||||
| 296.6 | 29+2⁄3 | 46.5 | |||||
| 300.0 | 30 | 300 | 300 | 47 | |||
| 300.56 | 11+5⁄6 | 12.5 | 13.5 | ||||
| 303.3 | 30+1⁄3 | 47.5 | |||||
| 304.8 | 12 | 13 | 14 | ||||
| 305.0 | 305 | ||||||
| 306.6 | 30+2⁄3 | 48 | |||||
| 307.5 | 307.5 | ||||||
| 309.03 | 12+1⁄6 | 13.5 | 14.5 | ||||
| 310.0 | 31 | 310 | 48.5 | ||||
| 313.26 | 12+1⁄3 | 14 | 15 | ||||
| 313.3 | 31+1⁄3 | 49 | |||||
| 315.0 | 315 | 315 | |||||
| 316.6 | 31+2⁄3 | 49.5 | |||||
| 317.5 | 12+1⁄2 | 14.5 | 15.5 | ||||
| 320.0 | 32 | 320 | 50 | ||||
| 321.73 | 12+2⁄3 | 15 | 16 | ||||
| mm | cm | inch | 5.0 mm | 7.5 mm | 6.6 mm | 8.46 mm | 0.3 inch |
| Foot length | Mondopoint | EUR | UK | US |
| Foot length | Mondopoint | EUR | UK | US | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (mm) | (cm) | (inch) | 5.0 mm | 6.6 mm | 8.46 mm | 8.46 mm |
| 118.53 | 4+2⁄3 | 19.5 | 3.5 | 4 | ||
| 120 | 12 | 4+3⁄4 | 120 | 20 | 4 | 4.5 |
| 123.3 | 12+1⁄3 | 4+5⁄6 | 125 | 20.5 | 4.5 | 5 |
| 126.6 | 12+2⁄3 | 5 | 21 | 5 | 5.5 | |
| 130 | 13 | 5+1⁄12 | 130 | 21.5 | 5.5 | |
| 133.3 | 13+1⁄3 | 5+1⁄4 | 22 | 6 | ||
| 136.6 | 13+2⁄3 | 5+1⁄3 | 135 | 22.5 | 6 | 6.5 |
| 139.7 | 14 | 5+1⁄2 | 140 | 23 | 6.5 | |
| 141.816 | 5+7⁄12 | 7 | ||||
| 143.3 | 14+1⁄3 | 5+2⁄3 | 23.5 | 7 | 7.5 | |
| 146.6 | 14+2⁄3 | 5+3⁄4 | 145 | 24 | 7.5 | |
| 150 | 15 | 5+11⁄12 | 150 | 24.5 | 8 | |
| 153.3 | 15+1⁄3 | 6 | 155 | 25 | 8 | 8.5 |
| 156.6 | 15+2⁄3 | 6+1⁄6 | 25.5 | 8.5 | 9 | |
| 160 | 16 | 6+1⁄3 | 160 | 26 | 9 | |
| 163.3 | 16+1⁄3 | 6+5⁄12 | 26.5 | 9.5 | ||
| 166.6 | 16+2⁄3 | 6+7⁄12 | 165 | 27 | 9.5 | 10 |
| 169.3 | 17 | 6+2⁄3 | 170 | 27.5 | 10 | 10.5 |
| 173.3 | 17+1⁄3 | 6+5⁄6 | 28 | 10.5 | 11 | |
| 176.6 | 17+2⁄3 | 7 | 175 | 28.5 | 11 | 11.5 |
| 179.916 | 18 | 7+1⁄12 | 180 | 29 | 11.5 | |
| 183.3 | 18+1⁄3 | 7+1⁄4 | 29.5 | 12 | ||
| 186.6 | 18+2⁄3 | 7+1⁄3 | 185 | 30 | 12 | 12.5 |
| 190.5 | 19 | 7+1⁄2 | 190 | 30.5 | 12.5 | 13 |
| 192.616 | 19+1⁄3 | 7+7⁄12 | 31 | 13 | 13.5 | |
| 196.6 | 19+2⁄3 | 7+3⁄4 | 195 | 31.5 | 13.5 | 1 |
| 200 | 20 | 7+5⁄6 | 200 | 32 | 0.5 | 1.5 |
| 203.3 | 20+1⁄3 | 8 | 205 | 32.5 | 1 | 2 |
| 206.6 | 20+2⁄3 | 33 | 1.5 | 2.5 | ||
| 210 | 21 | 210 | 33.5 | 2 | 3 | |
| (mm) | (cm) | (inch) | 5.0 mm | 6.6 mm | 8.46 mm | 8.46 mm |
| Foot length | Mondopoint | EUR | UK | US |
Size marking[edit]
It is recommended to include size marking in each of the four sizing systems on the shoe label and on the package. The principal system used for manufacturing the shoe needs to be placed first and emphasized with a boldface.
The standard includes quick conversion tables for adult shoe size marking; they provide matching sizes for shoes marked in Mondopoint, European, and UK systems. Converted values are rounded to a larger shoe size to increase comfort.
| Mondo | EUR | UK | US | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Men | Women | |||
| 215 | 34 | 2.5 | 3.5 | 4.5 |
| 220 | 35 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| 225 | 35.5 | 3.5 | 4.5 | 5.5 |
| 230 | 36.5 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| 235 | 37 | 4.5 | 5.5 | 6.5 |
| 240 | 38 | 5.5 | 6.5 | 7.5 |
| 245 | 38.5 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
| 250 | 39.5 | 6.5 | 7.5 | 8.5 |
| 255 | 40 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
| 260 | 41 | 7.5 | 8.5 | 9.5 |
| 265 | 41.5 | 8.5 | 9.5 | 10.5 |
| 270 | 42.5 | 9 | 10 | 11 |
| 275 | 43 | 9.5 | 10.5 | 11.5 |
| 280 | 44 | 10 | 11 | 12 |
| 285 | 44.5 | 10.5 | 11.5 | 12.5 |
| 290 | 45.5 | 11 | 12 | 13 |
| 295 | 46 | 12 | 13 | 14 |
| 300 | 47 | 12.5 | 13.5 | 14.5 |
| 305 | 47.5 | 13 | 14 | 15 |
| 310 | 48.5 | 13.5 | 14.5 | 15.5 |
| 315 | 49 | 14 | 15 | 16 |
| 320 | 50 | 15 | 16 | 17 |
| EUR | Mondo | UK | US | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Men | Women | |||
| 34 | 215 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| 34.5 | 215 | 2.5 | 3.5 | 4.5 |
| 35 | 220 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| 35.5 | 225 | 3.5 | 4.5 | 5.5 |
| 36 | 225 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| 36.5 | 230 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| 37 | 235 | 4.5 | 5.5 | 6.5 |
| 37.5 | 235 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| 38 | 240 | 5.5 | 6.5 | 7.5 |
| 38.5 | 245 | 5.5 | 6.5 | 7.5 |
| 39 | 245 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
| 39.5 | 250 | 6.5 | 7.5 | 8.5 |
| 40 | 255 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
| 40.5 | 255 | 7.5 | 8.5 | 9.5 |
| 41 | 260 | 7.5 | 8.5 | 9.5 |
| 41.5 | 265 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| 42 | 265 | 8.5 | 9.5 | 10.5 |
| 42.5 | 270 | 9 | 10 | 11 |
| 43 | 275 | 9.5 | 10.5 | 11.5 |
| 43.5 | 275 | 9.5 | 10.5 | 11.5 |
| 44 | 280 | 10 | 11 | 12 |
| 44.5 | 285 | 10.5 | 11.5 | 12.5 |
| 45 | 285 | 11 | 12 | 13 |
| 45.5 | 290 | 11.5 | 12.5 | 13.5 |
| 46 | 295 | 11.5 | 12.5 | 13.5 |
| 46.5 | 295 | 12 | 13 | 14 |
| 47 | 300 | 12.5 | 13.5 | 14.5 |
| 47.5 | 305 | 13 | 14 | 15 |
| 48 | 305 | 13 | 14 | 15 |
| 48.5 | 310 | 13.5 | 14.5 | 15.5 |
| 49 | 315 | 14 | 15 | 16 |
| 49.5 | 315 | 14.5 | 15.5 | 16.5 |
| 50 | 320 | 15 | 16 | 17 |
| UK | Mondo | EUR | US | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Men | Women | |||
| 2 | 210 | 34 | 3 | 4 |
| 2.5 | 215 | 34.5 | 3.5 | 4.5 |
| 3 | 220 | 35 | 4 | 5 |
| 3.5 | 225 | 35.5 | 4.5 | 5.5 |
| 4 | 230 | 36.5 | 5 | 6 |
| 4.5 | 235 | 37 | 5.5 | 6.5 |
| 5 | 235 | 37.5 | 6 | 7 |
| 5.5 | 240 | 38 | 6.5 | 7.5 |
| 6 | 245 | 39 | 7 | 8 |
| 6.5 | 250 | 39.5 | 7.5 | 8.5 |
| 7 | 255 | 40 | 8 | 9 |
| 7.5 | 260 | 40.5 | 8.5 | 9.5 |
| 8 | 260 | 41.5 | 9 | 10 |
| 8.5 | 265 | 42 | 9.5 | 10.5 |
| 9 | 270 | 42.5 | 10 | 11 |
| 9.5 | 275 | 43.5 | 10.5 | 11.5 |
| 10 | 280 | 44 | 11 | 12 |
| 10.5 | 285 | 44.5 | 11.5 | 12.5 |
| 11 | 290 | 45.5 | 12 | 13 |
| 11.5 | 290 | 46 | 12.5 | 13.5 |
| 12 | 295 | 46.5 | 13 | 14 |
| 12.5 | 300 | 47 | 13.5 | 14.5 |
| 13 | 305 | 47.5 | 14 | 15 |
| 13.5 | 310 | 48.5 | 14.5 | 15.5 |
| 14 | 315 | 49 | 15 | 16 |
| 14.5 | 320 | 49.5 | 15.5 | 16.5 |
| 15 | 320 | 50 | 16 | 17 |
See also[edit]
- List of shoe styles
- Shoes
- Clothing sizes
References[edit]
- ^ a b Andersson, Bendt. «Recommendations to suppliers and manufacturers of orthopedic footwear concerning sizes of shoes and lasts» (PDF) (in Swedish). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-06-16. Retrieved 2009-01-06.
- ^ a b c «Instructions». Genuine Brannock Device. Retrieved 2009-01-06.
- ^ a b «ISO/TS 19407:2015 — Footwear — Sizing — Conversion of sizing systems». www.iso.org. Retrieved 2018-06-22.
- ^ «Shoe Size Conversion: Use this EASY Tool, Size Guide + How To». BlitzResults.com. 2017-11-11. Retrieved 2018-06-22.
- ^ Cairns, Warwick (2007). About the Size of It. Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-230-01628-6.
- ^ Alexander Besching: Handbuch für die Schuhindustrie. 14. Auflage. Hüthig, Heidelberg 1990, S. 170.
- ^ ASICS — Shoe Size Guide «
- ^ a b «History». Genuine Brannock Device. Retrieved 2009-01-06.
- ^ «Size Conversion Chart». Genuine Brannock Device. Retrieved 2022-02-09..
- ^ Telfer S, Woodburn J (2010). «The use of 3D surface scanning for the measurement and assessment of the human foot». J Foot Ankle Res. 3: 19. doi:10.1186/1757-1146-3-19. PMC 2944246. PMID 20815914.
- ^ German Standard DIN 66074:1975, Shoe sizes
- ^ Spanish Standard UNE 59850:1998, Shoes: Size designation
- ^ GOST 11373-88
- ^ GOST R 58149-2018
- ^ GB/T 3293:1998
- ^ BS 4981:1973
- ^ IS 8751:1978
- ^ R. Boughey. Size Labelling of Footwear. Journal of Consumer Studies & Home Economics. Volume 1, Issue 2. June 1977. DOI:10.1111/j.1470-6431.1977.tb00197.x
- ^ International Standard ISO 9407:2019, Shoe sizes—Mondopoint system of sizing and marking
- ^ (in Japanese) 靴のサイズ表示について・分かっているようで分かっていない話 tr. About shoe size display … A story that seems to be known but not known Rakuten.co.jp Archived 2011-07-27 at the Wayback Machine
External links[edit]
- IS 8751-1 (1978): Footwear sizes in mondopoint system, Part 1: Fundamental characteristics
- IS 8751-2 (1978): Footwear sizes in mondopoint system, Part 2: Length grading
- Chart of US shoe widths by size
A soldier recruit measuring for shoe size during uniform issue at the Afghan National Army training site in Kabul, Afghanistan, 2002
A shoe size is an indication of the fitting size of a shoe for a person.
There are a number of different shoe-size systems used worldwide. While all shoe sizes use a number to indicate the length of the shoe, they differ in exactly what they measure, what unit of measurement they use, and where the size 0 (or 1) is positioned. Some systems also indicate the shoe width, sometimes also as a number, but in many cases by one or more letters. Some regions use different shoe-size systems for different types of shoes (e.g. men’s, women’s, children’s, sport, and safety shoes). This article sets out several complexities in the definition of shoe sizes. In practice, shoes are often tried on for both size and fit before they are purchased.
Deriving the shoe size[edit]
Foot versus shoe and last[edit]
The length of a person’s foot is commonly defined as the distance between two parallel lines that are perpendicular to the foot and in contact with the most prominent toe and the most prominent part of the heel. Foot length is measured with the subject standing barefoot and the weight of the body equally distributed between both feet.
The sizes of the left and right feet are often slightly different. In this case, both feet are measured, and purchasers of mass-produced shoes are advised to purchase a shoe size based on the larger foot, as most retailers do not sell pairs of shoes in non-matching sizes.
Each size of shoe is considered suitable for a small interval of foot lengths, typically limited by half-point of the shoe size system.
A shoe-size system can refer to three characteristic lengths:
- The median length of feet for which a shoe is suitable. For customers, this measure has the advantage of being directly related to their body measures. It applies equally to any type, form, or material of shoe. However, this measure is less popular with manufacturers,[citation needed] because it requires them to test carefully for each new shoe model, for which range of foot sizes it is recommendable. It puts on the manufacturer the burden of ensuring that the shoe will fit a foot of a given length.
- The length of the inner cavity of the shoe. This measure has the advantage that it can be measured easily on the finished product. However, it will vary with manufacturing tolerances and only gives the customer very crude information about the range of foot sizes for which the shoe is suitable.
- The length of the «last», the foot-shaped template over which the shoe is manufactured. This measure is the easiest one for the manufacturer to use, because it identifies only the tool used to produce the shoe. It makes no promise about manufacturing tolerances or for what size of foot the shoe is actually suitable. It leaves all responsibility and risk of choosing the correct size with the customer. Further, the last can be measured in several different ways, resulting in different measurements.[1]
All these measures differ substantially from one another for the same shoe. For example, the inner cavity of a shoe must typically be 15 mm longer than the foot, and the shoe last would be 2 size points larger than the foot, but this varies between different types of shoes and the shoe size system used. The typical range lies between 1⁄2 to 2⁄3 inch (12.7 to 16.9 mm) for the UK/US size system and 4⁄3 to 5⁄3 cm (13.3 to 16.7 mm) for the European size system, but may extend to 1⁄4 to 3⁄4 inch (6.4 to 19.1 mm) and 2⁄3 to 6⁄3 cm (6.7 to 20.0 mm).
Length[edit]
Sizing systems also differ in the units of measurement they use. This also results in different increments between shoe sizes, because usually only «full» or «half» sizes are made.
The following length units are commonly used today to define shoe-size systems:
- The Paris point equates to 2⁄3 centimetre (6.67 mm; 0.26 in). Whole sizes are incremented by 1 Paris point; this corresponds to 3.33 millimetres (0.131 in) between half sizes. This unit is commonly used in Continental Europe, and Russia and former USSR countries.
- The barleycorn is an old English unit that equates to 1⁄3 inch (8.47 mm). This is the basis for current UK and North American shoe sizes, with the largest shoe size taken as twelve inches (a size 12) i.e. 30.5 cm, and then counting backwards in barleycorn units, so a size 11 is 11.67 inches or 29.6 cm.
- Metric measurements in millimetres (mm) or centimetres (cm), with intervals of 5 mm and 7.5 mm are used in the international Mondopoint system (USSR/Russia and East Asia).
Since the early 2000s, labels on sports shoes typically include sizes measured in all four systems: EU, UK, US and cm (Mondopoint).
Zero point[edit]
The sizing systems also place size 0 (or 1) at different locations:
- Size 0 as a foot’s length of 0. The shoe size is directly proportional to the length of the foot in the chosen unit of measurement. Sizes of children’s, men’s, and women’s shoes, as well as sizes of different types of shoes, can be compared directly. This is used with the Mondopoint system (USSR/Russia and East Asia).
- Size 0 as the length of the shoe’s inner cavity of 0. The shoe size is then directly proportional to the inner length of the shoe. This is used with systems that also take the measurement from the shoe. While sizes of children’s, men’s and women’s shoes can be compared directly, this is not necessarily true for different types of shoes that require a different amount of «wiggle room» in the toe box. This is used with the Continental European system.
- Size 0 (or 1) can just be simply a shoe of a given length. Typically, this will be the shortest length deemed practical; but this can be different for children’s, teenagers’, men’s, and women’s shoes — making it impossible to compare sizes. For example, a women’s shoe at size 8 is a different length from a men’s shoe at size 8 in the US system, but not the British.
Width[edit]
Some systems also include the width of a foot (or the girth of a shoe last), but do so in a variety of ways:
- Measured foot width in millimetres (mm) — this is done with the Mondopoint system.
- Measured width as a letter (or combination of letters), which is taken from a table (indexed to length and width/girth) or just assigned on an ad-hoc basis. Examples are (each starting with the narrowest width):
- AAA, AA, A, B, C, D, E, EE, EEE is the typical North American system and follows the brannock device standards, per the system B is narrow, C is regular, D is medium, E is wide, EE is extra wide and so on.
- 4A, 3A, 2A, A, B, C, D, E, 2E, 3E, 4E, 5E, 6E (variant North American).
- In Japanese Mondopoint system the unlettered D size is the norm for men and B for women in its foot circumference.
- C, D, E, F, G, H (common UK; «medium» is usually F but varies by manufacturer—makers Edward Green and Crockett & Jones, among others, use E instead, but one maker’s E is not necessarily the same size as another’s).
- N (narrow), M (medium) or R (regular), W (wide).
The width for which these sizes are suitable can vary significantly between manufacturers. The A–E width indicators used by most American, Canadian, and some British shoe manufacturers are typically based on the width of the foot, and common step sizes are 3⁄16 inch (4.8 mm).
Difficulties[edit]
There could be differences between various shoe size tables from shoemakers and shoe stores. They are usually due to the following factors:
- Different methods of measuring the shoes, different manufacturing processes, or different allowances[1] even when the same system is used.
- An indication in centimetres or inches can mean the length of the foot or the length of the shoe’s inner cavity.
- Differing amounts of wiggle room required for different sizes of shoes.
- For wide feet, a shoe several sizes larger (and actually too long) may be required and may also result in inconsistent size indications when different typical widths are attributed to specific shoe sizing systems.
- Some tables for children take future growth into account. The shoe size is then larger than what would correspond to the actual length of the foot.[2]
Conversion tables available on the Web often contain obvious errors, not taking into account different zero points or wiggle room.
Although shoe size systems are not fully standardised, the ISO/TC 137 had released a technical specification ISO/TS 19407:2015 for converting shoe sizes across various local sizing systems. Even though the problem of converting shoe sizes accurately has yet to be fully resolved, this standard serves as «a good compromise solution» for shoe-buyers.[3][4]
Common sizing systems[edit]
United Kingdom[edit]
Shoe size in the United Kingdom, Ireland, India, Pakistan and South Africa is based on the length of the last used to make the shoes, measured in barleycorns (1⁄3 inch) starting from the smallest size deemed practical, which is called size zero. It is not formally standardised. Note that the last is typically longer than the foot heel to toe length by 1⁄2 to 2⁄3 in or 1+1⁄2 to 2 barleycorns, so to determine the shoe size based on actual foot length one must add 2 barleycorns.
A child’s size zero is equivalent to 4 inches (a hand = 12 barleycorns = 10.16 cm), and the sizes go up to size 13+1⁄2 (measuring 25+1⁄2 barleycorns, or 8+1⁄2 inches (21.59 cm)). Thus, the calculation for a children’s shoe size in the UK is:
- child shoe size (barleycorns) = 3 × last length (in) − 12
equivalent to:
- child shoe size (barleycorns) ≈ 3 × foot length (in) − 10.
An adult size one is then the next size up (26 barleycorns, or 8+2⁄3 in (22.01 cm)) and each size up continues the progression in barleycorns.[5] The calculation for an adult shoe size in the UK is thus:
- adult shoe size (barleycorns) = 3 × last length (in) − 25
equivalent to:
- adult shoe size (barleycorns) ≈ 3 × foot length (in) − 23.
Although this sizing standard is nominally for both men and women, some manufacturers use different numbering for women’s UK sizing.
In Australia and New Zealand, the UK system is followed for men and children’s footwear. Women’s footwear follows the US sizings.
In Mexico, shoes are sized either according to the foot length they are intended to fit, in cm, or alternatively to another variation of the barleycorn system, with sizes calculated approximately as:
- adult shoe size (barleycorns) = 3 × last length (in) − 25+1⁄2
equivalent to:
- adult shoe size (barleycorns) ≈ 3 × foot length (in) − 23+1⁄2.
United States[edit]
In the United States and Canada, the traditional system is similar to British but there are different zero points for children’s, men’s, and women’s shoe sizes. The most common is the customary system where men’s shoes are one size longer than the UK equivalent, making a men’s 13 in the US the same size as a men’s 12 in the UK.
Customary[edit]
The customary system is offset by 1⁄4 barleycorn, or 1⁄12 in (2.12 mm), comparing to the UK sizes. The men’s range starts at size 1, with zero point corresponding to the children’s size 13 which equals 24+3⁄4 barleycorns or 8+1⁄4 inches (20.96 cm).
However, most US manufacturers are using greater offsets, such as 1⁄2 and 1 barleycorns.[6] Therefore in current practice, US men’s size 1 equals 25 barleycorns, or 8+1⁄3 in (21.17 cm), so the calculation for a male shoe size in the United States is:
- male shoe size (barleycorns) = 3 × last length (in) − 24
equivalent to:
- male shoe size (barleycorns) ≈ 3 × foot length (in) − 22.
In the «standard» or «FIA» (Footwear Industries of America) scale, women’s sizes are men’s sizes plus 1 (so a men’s 10+1⁄2 is a women’s 11+1⁄2):
- female shoe size (barleycorns) = 3 × last length (in) − 23
equivalent to:
- female shoe size (barleycorns) ≈ 3 × foot length (in) − 21.
There is also the «common» scale, where women’s sizes are equal to men’s sizes plus 1+1⁄2.
Children’s shoes start from size zero, which is equivalent to 3+11⁄12 inches (11+3⁄4 barleycorns = 99.48 mm), and end at 13+1⁄2. Thus the formula for children’s sizes in the US is
- child shoe size (barleycorns) = 3 × last length (in) − 113⁄4
equivalent to:
- child shoe size (barleycorns) ≈ 3 × foot length (in) − 93⁄4.
Alternatively, a Mondopoint-based scale running from K4 to K13 and then 1 to 7 is in use.[7] K4 to K9 are toddler sizes, K10 to K13 are pre-school and 1 to 7 are grade school sizes.
Brannock Device[edit]
The Brannock Device is a measuring instrument invented by Charles F. Brannock in 1925 and now found in many shoe stores. The recent formula used by the Brannock device assumes a foot length of 2 barleycorns less than the length of the last; thus, men’s size 1 is equivalent to a last’s length of 8+1⁄3 in (21.17 cm) and foot’s length of 7+2⁄3 in (19.47 cm), and children’s size 1 is equivalent to 4+1⁄4 in (10.8 cm) last’s length and 3+7⁄12 in (9.1 cm) foot’s length.[8][9]
The device also measures the length of the arch, or the distance between the heel and the ball (metatarsal head) of the foot. For this measurement, the device has a shorter scale at the instep of the foot with an indicator that slides into position. If this scale indicates a larger size, it is taken in place of the foot’s length to ensure proper fitting.[2]
For children’s sizes, additional wiggle room is added to allow for growth.[2]
The device also measures the width of the foot and assigns it designations of AAA, AA, A, B, C, D, E, EE, or EEE. The widths are 3⁄16 inches apart and differ by shoe length.[8]
Some shoe stores and medical professionals use optical 3D surface scanners to precisely measure the length and width of both feet and recommend the appropriate shoe model and size.[10]
Conversion between US and UK sizing[edit]
| Last length | Foot length/Brannock | UK sizes | US sizes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (in) | (mm) | (in) | (mm) | Children’s | Children’s |
| 3+11⁄12 | 99.483 | 3+1⁄4 | 82.55 | 0 | |
| 4 | 101.6 | 3+1⁄3 | 84.66 | 0 | |
| 4+1⁄12 | 103.716 | 3+5⁄12 | 86.783 | 0.5 | |
| 4+1⁄6 | 105.83 | 3+1⁄2 | 88.9 | 0.5 | |
| 4+1⁄4 | 107.95 | 3+7⁄12 | 91.016 | 1 | |
| 4+1⁄3 | 110.06 | 3+2⁄3 | 93.13 | 1 | |
| 4+5⁄12 | 112.183 | 3+3⁄4 | 95.25 | 1.5 | |
| 4+1⁄2 | 114.3 | 3+5⁄6 | 97.35 | 1.5 | |
| 4+7⁄12 | 115.71 | 3+11⁄12 | 99.483 | 2 | |
| 4+2⁄3 | 118.53 | 4 | 101.6 | 2 | |
| 4+3⁄4 | 120.65 | 4+1⁄12 | 103.716 | 2.5 | |
| 4+5⁄6 | 122.76 | 4+1⁄6 | 105.83 | 2.5 | |
| 4+11⁄12 | 124.883 | 4+1⁄4 | 107.95 | 3 | |
| 5 | 127.0 | 4+1⁄3 | 110.06 | 3 | |
| 5+1⁄12 | 129.116 | 4+5⁄12 | 112.183 | 3.5 | |
| 5+1⁄6 | 131.23 | 4+1⁄2 | 114.3 | 3.5 | |
| 5+1⁄4 | 133.35 | 4+7⁄12 | 116.416 | 4 | |
| 5+1⁄3 | 135.46 | 4+2⁄3 | 118.53 | 4 | |
| 5+5⁄12 | 137.583 | 4+3⁄4 | 120.65 | 4.5 | |
| 5+1⁄2 | 139.7 | 4+5⁄6 | 122.76 | 4.5 | |
| 5+7⁄12 | 141.816 | 4+11⁄12 | 124.883 | 5 | |
| 5+2⁄3 | 143.93 | 5 | 127.0 | 5 | |
| 5+3⁄4 | 146.05 | 5+1⁄12 | 129.116 | 5.5 | |
| 5+5⁄6 | 148.16 | 5+1⁄6 | 131.23 | 5.5 | |
| 5+11⁄12 | 150.283 | 5+1⁄4 | 133.35 | 6 | |
| 6 | 152.4 | 5+1⁄3 | 135.46 | 6 | |
| 6+1⁄12 | 154.516 | 5+5⁄12 | 137.583 | 6.5 | |
| 6+1⁄6 | 156.63 | 5+1⁄2 | 139.7 | 6.5 | |
| 6+1⁄4 | 158.75 | 5+7⁄12 | 141.816 | 7 | |
| 6+1⁄3 | 160.86 | 5+2⁄3 | 143.92 | 7 | |
| 6+5⁄12 | 162.983 | 5+3⁄4 | 146.05 | 7.5 | |
| 6+1⁄2 | 165.1 | 5+5⁄6 | 148.16 | 7.5 | |
| 6+7⁄12 | 167.216 | 5+11⁄12 | 150.283 | 8 | |
| 6+2⁄3 | 169.3 | 6 | 152.4 | 8 | |
| 6+3⁄4 | 171.45 | 6+1⁄12 | 154.516 | 8.5 | |
| 6+5⁄6 | 173.56 | 6+1⁄6 | 156.63 | 8.5 | |
| 6+11⁄12 | 173.56 | 6+1⁄4 | 158.75 | 9 | |
| 7 | 177.8 | 6+1⁄3 | 160.86 | 9 | |
| 7+1⁄12 | 179.913 | 6+5⁄12 | 162.983 | 9.5 | |
| 7+1⁄6 | 182.03 | 6+1⁄2 | 165.1 | 9.5 | |
| 7+1⁄4 | 183.4 | 6+7⁄12 | 166.51 | 10 | |
| 7+1⁄3 | 186.26 | 6+2⁄3 | 169.3 | 10 | |
| 7+5⁄12 | 188.383 | 6+3⁄4 | 170.45 | 10.5 | |
| 7+1⁄2 | 190.5 | 6+5⁄6 | 173.56 | 10.5 | |
| 7+7⁄12 | 192.616 | 6+11⁄12 | 174.97 | 11 | |
| 7+2⁄3 | 194.73 | 7 | 177.8 | 11 | |
| 7+3⁄4 | 196.85 | 7+1⁄12 | 179.916 | 11.5 | |
| 7+5⁄6 | 198.96 | 7+1⁄6 | 182.03 | 11.5 | |
| 7+11⁄12 | 201.083 | 7+1⁄4 | 184.15 | 12 | |
| 8 | 203.2 | 7+1⁄3 | 186.26 | 12 | |
| 8+1⁄12 | 205.315 | 7+5⁄12 | 188.383 | 12.5 | |
| 8+1⁄6 | 207.43 | 7+1⁄2 | 190.5 | 12.5 | |
| 8+1⁄4 | 209.5 | 7+7⁄12 | 192.616 | 13 | |
| 8+1⁄3 | 211.6 | 7+2⁄3 | 194.73 | 13 | |
| 8+5⁄12 | 213.783 | 7+3⁄4 | 196.85 | 13.5 | |
| 8+1⁄2 | 215.9 | 7+5⁄6 | 198.96 | 13.5 | |
| (in) | (mm) | (in) | (mm) | Children’s | Children’s |
| Last length | Foot length/Brannock | UK sizes | US sizes |
| Last length | Foot length/Brannock | UK sizes | US sizes | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (in) | (mm) | (in) | (mm) | Adults’ | Men’s | Women’s |
| 8 | 203.2 | 7+1⁄3 | 186.26 | (12) | (12.25) | 1 |
| 8+1⁄6 | 207.43 | 7+1⁄2 | 190.5 | (12.5) | (12.75) | 1.5 |
| 8+1⁄3 | 211.6 | 7+2⁄3 | 194.73 | 0 (13) | 1 (13.25) | 2 |
| 8+1⁄2 | 215.9 | 7+5⁄6 | 198.96 | 0.5 (13.5) | 1.5 | 2.5 |
| 8+2⁄3 | 220.13 | 8 | 203.2 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| 8+5⁄6 | 224.36 | 8+1⁄6 | 207.43 | 1.5 | 2.5 | 3.5 |
| 9 | 228.6 | 8+1⁄3 | 211.6 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| 9+1⁄6 | 232.83 | 8+1⁄2 | 215.9 | 2.5 | 3.5 | 4.5 |
| 9+1⁄3 | 237.06 | 8+2⁄3 | 220.13 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| 9+1⁄2 | 241.3 | 8+5⁄6 | 224.36 | 3.5 | 4.5 | 5.5 |
| 9+2⁄3 | 245.53 | 9 | 228.6 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| 9+5⁄6 | 249.76 | 9+1⁄6 | 232.83 | 4.5 | 5.5 | 6.5 |
| 10 | 254.0 | 9+1⁄3 | 237.06 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| 10+1⁄6 | 258.23 | 9+1⁄2 | 241.3 | 5.5 | 6.5 | 7.5 |
| 10+1⁄3 | 262.46 | 9+2⁄3 | 245.53 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
| 10+1⁄2 | 266.7 | 9+5⁄6 | 249.76 | 6.5 | 7.5 | 8.5 |
| 10+2⁄3 | 270.93 | 10 | 254.0 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
| 10+5⁄6 | 275.16 | 10+1⁄6 | 258.23 | 7.5 | 8.5 | 9.5 |
| 11 | 279.4 | 10+1⁄3 | 262.46 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| 11+1⁄6 | 283.63 | 10+1⁄2 | 266.7 | 8.5 | 9.5 | 10.5 |
| 11+1⁄3 | 287.86 | 10+2⁄3 | 270.93 | 9 | 10 | 11 |
| 11+1⁄2 | 292.1 | 10+5⁄6 | 275.16 | 9.5 | 10.5 | 11.5 |
| 11+2⁄3 | 296.3 | 11 | 279.4 | 10 | 11 | 12 |
| 11+5⁄6 | 300.56 | 11+1⁄6 | 283.63 | 10.5 | 11.5 | 12.5 |
| 12 | 304.8 | 11+1⁄3 | 287.86 | 11 | 12 | 13 |
| 12+1⁄6 | 309.03 | 11+1⁄2 | 292.1 | 11.5 | 12.5 | 13.5 |
| 12+1⁄3 | 313.26 | 11+2⁄3 | 296.3 | 12 | 13 | 14 |
| 12+1⁄2 | 317.5 | 11+5⁄6 | 300.56 | 12.5 | 13.5 | 14.5 |
| 12+2⁄3 | 321.73 | 12 | 304.8 | 13 | 14 | 15 |
| 12+5⁄6 | 325.97 | 12+1⁄6 | 309.03 | 13.5 | 14.5 | 15.5 |
| 13 | 330.2 | 12+1⁄3 | 313.26 | 14 | 15 | 16 |
| 13+1⁄6 | 334.43 | 12+1⁄2 | 317.5 | 14.5 | 15.5 | 16.5 |
| 13+1⁄3 | 338.67 | 12+2⁄3 | 321.73 | 15 | 16 | 17 |
| 13+1⁄2 | 342.9 | 12+5⁄6 | 325.97 | 15.5 | 16.5 | 17.5 |
| 13+2⁄3 | 347.13 | 13 | 330.2 | 16 | 17 | 18 |
| (in) | (mm) | (in) | (mm) | Adults’ | Men’s | Women’s |
| Last length | Foot length/Brannock | UK sizes | US sizes |
Continental Europe[edit]
In the Continental European system, the shoe size is the length of the last, expressed in Paris points or 2⁄3 cm (6.67 mm), for both sexes and for adults and children alike. Note that the last is typically longer than the foot heel to toe length by 4⁄3 cm (13.33 mm) to 5⁄3 cm (16.67 mm), or 2 to 2+1⁄2 Paris points, so to determine the shoe size based on actual foot length one must add 2 Paris points.
Because a Paris point is 2⁄3 of a centimetre, the formula is as follows:
- shoe size (Paris points) = 3⁄2 × last length (cm)
equivalent to:
- shoe size (Paris points) ≈ (3⁄2 × foot length (cm)) + 2.
The Continental European system is used in Austria, Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany,[11] Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Spain,[12] Sweden, Switzerland, and most other continental European countries. It is also used in Middle Eastern countries (such as Iran), Brazil—which uses the same method but subtracts 2 from the final result, in effect measuring foot size instead of last size[citation needed]—and, commonly, Hong Kong. The system is sometimes described as Stich size (from Pariser Stich, the German name for the Paris point), or Stichmaß size (from a German name of a micrometer for internal measurements).
Mondopoint[edit]
Measurement of foot length, width and perimeter (cirсumference) as defined in the Mondopoint standard
The Mondopoint shoe length system is widely used in the sports industry to size athletic shoes, ski boots, skates, and pointe ballet shoes; it was also adopted as the primary shoe sizing system in the Soviet Union,[13] Russia,[14] East Germany, China,[15] Japan, Taiwan, and South Korea, and as an optional system in the United Kingdom,[16] India,[17] Mexico, and European countries. The Mondopoint system is also used by NATO and other military services.
The Mondopoint system was introduced in the 1970s by International Standard ISO 2816:1973 «Fundamental characteristics of a system of shoe sizing to be known as Mondopoint» and ISO 3355:1975 «Shoe sizes – System of length grading (for use in the Mondopoint system)».[18] ISO 9407:2019, «Shoe sizes—Mondopoint system of sizing and marking»,[19] is the current version of the standard.
The Mondopoint system is based on average foot length and foot width for which the shoe is suitable, measured in millimetres. The length of the foot is measured as horizontal distance between the perpendiculars in contact with the end of the most prominent toe and the most prominent part of the heel. The width of the foot is measured as horizontal distance between vertical lines in contact with the first and fifth metatarsophalangeal joints. The perimeter of the foot is the length of the foot circumference, measured with a flexible tape at the same points as foot width. The origin of the grade is zero.
The labeling typically includes foot length, followed by an optional foot width: a shoe size of 280/110 indicates a foot length of 280 millimetres (11.0 in) and width of 110 millimetres (4.3 in). Other customary markings, such as EU, UK and US sizes, may also be used.
Because Mondopoint takes the foot width into account, it allows for better fitting than most other systems. A given shoe size shall fit every foot with indicated average measurements, and those differing by no more than a half-step of the corresponding interval grid. Standard foot lengths are defined with interval steps of 5 mm for casual footwear and steps of 7.5 mm for specialty (protective) footwear. The standard is maintained by ISO Technical Committee 137 «Footwear sizing designations and marking systems.»
East Asia[edit]
In Japan, mainland China, Taiwan, and South Korea, the Mondopoint system is used as defined by national standard Japanese Industrial Standards (JIS) S 5037:1998 and its counterparts Guobiao (GB/T) 3293.1-1998, Chinese National Standard (CNS) 4800-S1093:2000 and Korean Standards Association (KS) M 6681:2007.
Foot length and girth (foot circumference) are taken into account.[20] The foot length is indicated in centimetres; an increment of 5 mm is used.
The length is followed by designators for girth (A, B, C, D, E, EE, EEE, EEEE, F, G), which are specified in an indexed table as foot circumference in millimetres for each given foot length; foot width is also included as supplemental information. There are different tables for men’s, women’s, and children’s (less than 12 years of age) shoes. Not all designators are used for all genders and in all countries. For example, the largest girth for women in Taiwan is EEEE, whereas in Japan, it is F.
The foot length and width can also be indicated in millimetres, separated by a slash or a hyphen.
Soviet Union (Russia, Commonwealth of Independent States)[edit]
Historically the Soviet Union used the European (Paris point) system, but the Mondopoint metric system was introduced in the 1980s by GOST 24382-80 «Sizes of Sport Shoes» (based on ISO 2816:1973) and GOST 11373-88 «Shoe Sizes» (based on ISO 3355:1975), and lately by GOST R 58149-2018 (based on ISO 9407:1991)
Standard metric foot sizes can be converted to the nearest Paris point (2⁄3 cm) sizes using approximate conversion tables; shoes are marked with both foot length in millimetres, as for pointe ballet shoe sizes, and last length in European Paris point sizes (although such converted Stichmaß sizes may come 1⁄2 to 1 size smaller than comparable European-made adult footwear, and up to 1+1⁄2 sizes smaller for children’s footwear, according to ISO 19407 shoe size definitions). Foot lengths are aligned to 5 mm intervals for sports and casual shoes, and 7.5 mm for protective/safety shoes. Optional foot width designations includes narrow, normal (medium or regular), and wide grades.
Infant sizes start at 16 (95 mm) and pre-school kids at 23 (140 mm); schoolchildren sizes span 32 (202.5 mm) to 40 (255 mm) for girls and 32 to 44 (285 mm) for boys. Adult sizes span 33 (210 mm) to 44 for women and 38 (245 mm) to 48 (310 mm) for men.
| Mondopoint/foot length (mm) | Stichmaß size | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 5.0 | 7.5 | Infants | Pre-school kids |
| 95 | 16 | — | |
| 100 | 16.5 | ||
| 105 | 17 | ||
| 110 | 18 | ||
| 115 | 19 | ||
| 120 | 19.5 | ||
| 125 | 20 | ||
| 130 | 21 | ||
| 135 | 22 | ||
| 140 | 22.5 | ||
| 145 | — | 23 | |
| 150 | 24 | ||
| 155 | 25 | ||
| 160 | 25.5 | ||
| 165 | 26 | ||
| 170 | 27 | ||
| 172.5 | 27.5 | ||
| 175 | 28 | ||
| 180 | 180 | 28.5 | |
| 185 | 29 | ||
| 187.5 | 9.5 | ||
| 190 | 30 | ||
| 195 | 195 | 31 | |
| 200 | 31.5 |
| Mondopoint/foot length (mm) | Stichmaß size | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5.0 | 7.5 | Girls | Boys | Women | Men |
| 202.5 | 32 | — | — | ||
| 205 | |||||
| 210 | 210 | 33 | |||
| 215 | 34 | ||||
| 217.5 | 34.5 | ||||
| 220 | |||||
| 225 | 225 | 35 | |||
| 230 | 36 | ||||
| 232.5 | 36.5 | ||||
| 235 | 37 | ||||
| 240 | 240 | 37.5 | |||
| 245 | 38 | ||||
| 247.5 | 38.5 | ||||
| 250 | 39 | ||||
| 255 | 255 | 40 | |||
| 260 | — | 40.5 | |||
| 262.5 | 41 | ||||
| 265 | |||||
| 270 | 270 | 42 | |||
| 275 | 43 | ||||
| 277.5 | |||||
| 280 | 43.5 | ||||
| 285 | 285 | — | 44 | ||
| 290 | — | 45 | |||
| 292.5 | 45.5 | ||||
| 295 | 46 | ||||
| 300 | 300 | 46.5 | |||
| 305 | 47 | ||||
| 307.5 | 47.5 | ||||
| 310 | 48 |
ISO 19407 and shoe size conversion[edit]
ISO/TS 19407:2015 Footwear — Sizing — Conversion of sizing systems is a technical specification from the International Organization for Standardization. It contains basic description and conversion tables for major shoe sizing systems[3] including Mondopoint with length steps of 5 mm and 7.5 mm, European Paris point system, and UK 1⁄3-inch system. The standard has also been adopted as Russian GOST R 57425-2017.
The standard is maintained by ISO/TC 137, which also developed ISO/TS 19408:2015 Footwear — Sizing — Vocabulary and terminology; in development are companion standards ISO/TS 19409 «Footwear — Sizing — Measurement of last dimensions» and ISO/TS 19410 «Footwear — Sizing — Inshoe measurement».
Shoe sizing[edit]
The adult shoe sizes are calculated from typical last length, which is converted from foot length in millimetres by adding an allowance of two shoe sizes:
where L is foot length in millimetres.
Direct conversion between adult UK, Continental European and Mondopoint shoe size systems is derived as follows:
Using these formulas, the standard derives shoe size tables for adults and children, based on actual foot length measurement (insole) in millimetres. Typical last length ranges are also included (13 to 25 mm over foot length for adults, 8% greater than foot length plus 6 mm for children).
Exact foot lengths may contain repeating decimals because the formulas include division by 3; in practice, approximate interval steps of 6.67 mm and 8.47 mm are used, and sizes are rounded to either the nearest half size or closest matching Mondopoint size.
| Foot length | Mondopoint | EUR | UK | US | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (mm) | (cm) | (inch) | 5.0 mm | 7.5 mm | 6.6 mm | 8.46 mm | 0.3 inch |
| 210.0 | 210 | 210 | 33.5 | ||||
| 211.6 | 8+1⁄3 | 2 | 3 | ||||
| 213.3 | 21+1⁄3 | 34 | |||||
| 215.0 | 215 | ||||||
| 215.9 | 8+1⁄2 | 2.5 | 3.5 | ||||
| 216.6 | 21+2⁄3 | 34.5 | |||||
| 217.5 | 217.5 | ||||||
| 220.0 | 22 | 220 | 35 | ||||
| 220.13 | 8+2⁄3 | 3 | 4 | ||||
| 223.3 | 22+1⁄3 | 35.5 | |||||
| 224.36 | 8+5⁄6 | 3.5 | 4.5 | ||||
| 225.0 | 225 | 225 | |||||
| 226.6 | 22+2⁄3 | 36 | |||||
| 228.6 | 9 | 4 | 5 | ||||
| 230.0 | 23 | 230 | 36.5 | ||||
| 232.5 | 232.5 | ||||||
| 232.83 | 9+1⁄6 | 4.5 | 5.5 | ||||
| 233.3 | 23+1⁄3 | 37 | |||||
| 235.0 | 235 | ||||||
| 236.6 | 23+2⁄3 | 37.5 | |||||
| 237.06 | 9+1⁄3 | 5 | 6 | ||||
| 240.0 | 24 | 240 | 240 | 38 | |||
| 241.3 | 9+1⁄2 | 5.5 | 6.5 | ||||
| 243.3 | 24+1⁄3 | 38.5 | |||||
| 245.0 | 245 | ||||||
| 245.53 | 9+2⁄3 | 6 | 7 | ||||
| 246.6 | 24+2⁄3 | 39 | |||||
| 247.5 | 247.5 | ||||||
| 249.76 | 9+5⁄6 | 6.5 | 7.5 | ||||
| 250.0 | 25 | 250 | 39.5 | ||||
| 253.3 | 25+1⁄3 | 40 | |||||
| 254.0 | 10 | 7 | 8 | ||||
| 255.0 | 255 | 255 | |||||
| 256.6 | 25+2⁄3 | 40.5 | |||||
| 258.23 | 10+1⁄6 | 7.5 | 8.5 | ||||
| 260.0 | 26 | 260 | 41 | ||||
| 262.46 | 10+1⁄3 | 8 | 9 | ||||
| 262.5 | 262.5 | ||||||
| 263.3 | 26+1⁄3 | 41.5 | |||||
| 265.0 | 265 | ||||||
| 266.6 | 26+2⁄3 | 42 | |||||
| 266.7 | 10.5 | 8.5 | 9.5 | ||||
| 270.0 | 27 | 270 | 270 | 42.5 | |||
| 270.93 | 10+2⁄3 | 9 | 10 | ||||
| 273.3 | 27+1⁄3 | 43 | |||||
| 275.0 | 275 | ||||||
| 275.16 | 10+5⁄6 | 9.5 | 10.5 | ||||
| 276.6 | 27+2⁄3 | 43.5 | |||||
| 277.5 | 277.5 | ||||||
| 279.4 | 11 | 10 | 11 | ||||
| 280.0 | 28 | 280 | 44 | ||||
| 283.3 | 28+1⁄3 | 44.5 | |||||
| 283.63 | 11+1⁄6 | 10.5 | 11.5 | ||||
| 285.0 | 285 | 285 | |||||
| 286.6 | 28+2⁄3 | 45 | |||||
| 287.86 | 11+1⁄3 | 11 | 12 | ||||
| 290.0 | 29 | 290 | 45.5 | ||||
| 292.1 | 11+1⁄2 | 11.5 | 12.5 | ||||
| 292.5 | 292.5 | ||||||
| 293.3 | 29+1⁄3 | 46 | |||||
| 295.0 | 295 | ||||||
| 296.3 | 11+2⁄3 | 12 | 13 | ||||
| 296.6 | 29+2⁄3 | 46.5 | |||||
| 300.0 | 30 | 300 | 300 | 47 | |||
| 300.56 | 11+5⁄6 | 12.5 | 13.5 | ||||
| 303.3 | 30+1⁄3 | 47.5 | |||||
| 304.8 | 12 | 13 | 14 | ||||
| 305.0 | 305 | ||||||
| 306.6 | 30+2⁄3 | 48 | |||||
| 307.5 | 307.5 | ||||||
| 309.03 | 12+1⁄6 | 13.5 | 14.5 | ||||
| 310.0 | 31 | 310 | 48.5 | ||||
| 313.26 | 12+1⁄3 | 14 | 15 | ||||
| 313.3 | 31+1⁄3 | 49 | |||||
| 315.0 | 315 | 315 | |||||
| 316.6 | 31+2⁄3 | 49.5 | |||||
| 317.5 | 12+1⁄2 | 14.5 | 15.5 | ||||
| 320.0 | 32 | 320 | 50 | ||||
| 321.73 | 12+2⁄3 | 15 | 16 | ||||
| mm | cm | inch | 5.0 mm | 7.5 mm | 6.6 mm | 8.46 mm | 0.3 inch |
| Foot length | Mondopoint | EUR | UK | US |
| Foot length | Mondopoint | EUR | UK | US | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (mm) | (cm) | (inch) | 5.0 mm | 6.6 mm | 8.46 mm | 8.46 mm |
| 118.53 | 4+2⁄3 | 19.5 | 3.5 | 4 | ||
| 120 | 12 | 4+3⁄4 | 120 | 20 | 4 | 4.5 |
| 123.3 | 12+1⁄3 | 4+5⁄6 | 125 | 20.5 | 4.5 | 5 |
| 126.6 | 12+2⁄3 | 5 | 21 | 5 | 5.5 | |
| 130 | 13 | 5+1⁄12 | 130 | 21.5 | 5.5 | |
| 133.3 | 13+1⁄3 | 5+1⁄4 | 22 | 6 | ||
| 136.6 | 13+2⁄3 | 5+1⁄3 | 135 | 22.5 | 6 | 6.5 |
| 139.7 | 14 | 5+1⁄2 | 140 | 23 | 6.5 | |
| 141.816 | 5+7⁄12 | 7 | ||||
| 143.3 | 14+1⁄3 | 5+2⁄3 | 23.5 | 7 | 7.5 | |
| 146.6 | 14+2⁄3 | 5+3⁄4 | 145 | 24 | 7.5 | |
| 150 | 15 | 5+11⁄12 | 150 | 24.5 | 8 | |
| 153.3 | 15+1⁄3 | 6 | 155 | 25 | 8 | 8.5 |
| 156.6 | 15+2⁄3 | 6+1⁄6 | 25.5 | 8.5 | 9 | |
| 160 | 16 | 6+1⁄3 | 160 | 26 | 9 | |
| 163.3 | 16+1⁄3 | 6+5⁄12 | 26.5 | 9.5 | ||
| 166.6 | 16+2⁄3 | 6+7⁄12 | 165 | 27 | 9.5 | 10 |
| 169.3 | 17 | 6+2⁄3 | 170 | 27.5 | 10 | 10.5 |
| 173.3 | 17+1⁄3 | 6+5⁄6 | 28 | 10.5 | 11 | |
| 176.6 | 17+2⁄3 | 7 | 175 | 28.5 | 11 | 11.5 |
| 179.916 | 18 | 7+1⁄12 | 180 | 29 | 11.5 | |
| 183.3 | 18+1⁄3 | 7+1⁄4 | 29.5 | 12 | ||
| 186.6 | 18+2⁄3 | 7+1⁄3 | 185 | 30 | 12 | 12.5 |
| 190.5 | 19 | 7+1⁄2 | 190 | 30.5 | 12.5 | 13 |
| 192.616 | 19+1⁄3 | 7+7⁄12 | 31 | 13 | 13.5 | |
| 196.6 | 19+2⁄3 | 7+3⁄4 | 195 | 31.5 | 13.5 | 1 |
| 200 | 20 | 7+5⁄6 | 200 | 32 | 0.5 | 1.5 |
| 203.3 | 20+1⁄3 | 8 | 205 | 32.5 | 1 | 2 |
| 206.6 | 20+2⁄3 | 33 | 1.5 | 2.5 | ||
| 210 | 21 | 210 | 33.5 | 2 | 3 | |
| (mm) | (cm) | (inch) | 5.0 mm | 6.6 mm | 8.46 mm | 8.46 mm |
| Foot length | Mondopoint | EUR | UK | US |
Size marking[edit]
It is recommended to include size marking in each of the four sizing systems on the shoe label and on the package. The principal system used for manufacturing the shoe needs to be placed first and emphasized with a boldface.
The standard includes quick conversion tables for adult shoe size marking; they provide matching sizes for shoes marked in Mondopoint, European, and UK systems. Converted values are rounded to a larger shoe size to increase comfort.
| Mondo | EUR | UK | US | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Men | Women | |||
| 215 | 34 | 2.5 | 3.5 | 4.5 |
| 220 | 35 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| 225 | 35.5 | 3.5 | 4.5 | 5.5 |
| 230 | 36.5 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| 235 | 37 | 4.5 | 5.5 | 6.5 |
| 240 | 38 | 5.5 | 6.5 | 7.5 |
| 245 | 38.5 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
| 250 | 39.5 | 6.5 | 7.5 | 8.5 |
| 255 | 40 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
| 260 | 41 | 7.5 | 8.5 | 9.5 |
| 265 | 41.5 | 8.5 | 9.5 | 10.5 |
| 270 | 42.5 | 9 | 10 | 11 |
| 275 | 43 | 9.5 | 10.5 | 11.5 |
| 280 | 44 | 10 | 11 | 12 |
| 285 | 44.5 | 10.5 | 11.5 | 12.5 |
| 290 | 45.5 | 11 | 12 | 13 |
| 295 | 46 | 12 | 13 | 14 |
| 300 | 47 | 12.5 | 13.5 | 14.5 |
| 305 | 47.5 | 13 | 14 | 15 |
| 310 | 48.5 | 13.5 | 14.5 | 15.5 |
| 315 | 49 | 14 | 15 | 16 |
| 320 | 50 | 15 | 16 | 17 |
| EUR | Mondo | UK | US | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Men | Women | |||
| 34 | 215 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| 34.5 | 215 | 2.5 | 3.5 | 4.5 |
| 35 | 220 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| 35.5 | 225 | 3.5 | 4.5 | 5.5 |
| 36 | 225 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| 36.5 | 230 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| 37 | 235 | 4.5 | 5.5 | 6.5 |
| 37.5 | 235 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| 38 | 240 | 5.5 | 6.5 | 7.5 |
| 38.5 | 245 | 5.5 | 6.5 | 7.5 |
| 39 | 245 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
| 39.5 | 250 | 6.5 | 7.5 | 8.5 |
| 40 | 255 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
| 40.5 | 255 | 7.5 | 8.5 | 9.5 |
| 41 | 260 | 7.5 | 8.5 | 9.5 |
| 41.5 | 265 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| 42 | 265 | 8.5 | 9.5 | 10.5 |
| 42.5 | 270 | 9 | 10 | 11 |
| 43 | 275 | 9.5 | 10.5 | 11.5 |
| 43.5 | 275 | 9.5 | 10.5 | 11.5 |
| 44 | 280 | 10 | 11 | 12 |
| 44.5 | 285 | 10.5 | 11.5 | 12.5 |
| 45 | 285 | 11 | 12 | 13 |
| 45.5 | 290 | 11.5 | 12.5 | 13.5 |
| 46 | 295 | 11.5 | 12.5 | 13.5 |
| 46.5 | 295 | 12 | 13 | 14 |
| 47 | 300 | 12.5 | 13.5 | 14.5 |
| 47.5 | 305 | 13 | 14 | 15 |
| 48 | 305 | 13 | 14 | 15 |
| 48.5 | 310 | 13.5 | 14.5 | 15.5 |
| 49 | 315 | 14 | 15 | 16 |
| 49.5 | 315 | 14.5 | 15.5 | 16.5 |
| 50 | 320 | 15 | 16 | 17 |
| UK | Mondo | EUR | US | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Men | Women | |||
| 2 | 210 | 34 | 3 | 4 |
| 2.5 | 215 | 34.5 | 3.5 | 4.5 |
| 3 | 220 | 35 | 4 | 5 |
| 3.5 | 225 | 35.5 | 4.5 | 5.5 |
| 4 | 230 | 36.5 | 5 | 6 |
| 4.5 | 235 | 37 | 5.5 | 6.5 |
| 5 | 235 | 37.5 | 6 | 7 |
| 5.5 | 240 | 38 | 6.5 | 7.5 |
| 6 | 245 | 39 | 7 | 8 |
| 6.5 | 250 | 39.5 | 7.5 | 8.5 |
| 7 | 255 | 40 | 8 | 9 |
| 7.5 | 260 | 40.5 | 8.5 | 9.5 |
| 8 | 260 | 41.5 | 9 | 10 |
| 8.5 | 265 | 42 | 9.5 | 10.5 |
| 9 | 270 | 42.5 | 10 | 11 |
| 9.5 | 275 | 43.5 | 10.5 | 11.5 |
| 10 | 280 | 44 | 11 | 12 |
| 10.5 | 285 | 44.5 | 11.5 | 12.5 |
| 11 | 290 | 45.5 | 12 | 13 |
| 11.5 | 290 | 46 | 12.5 | 13.5 |
| 12 | 295 | 46.5 | 13 | 14 |
| 12.5 | 300 | 47 | 13.5 | 14.5 |
| 13 | 305 | 47.5 | 14 | 15 |
| 13.5 | 310 | 48.5 | 14.5 | 15.5 |
| 14 | 315 | 49 | 15 | 16 |
| 14.5 | 320 | 49.5 | 15.5 | 16.5 |
| 15 | 320 | 50 | 16 | 17 |
See also[edit]
- List of shoe styles
- Shoes
- Clothing sizes
References[edit]
- ^ a b Andersson, Bendt. «Recommendations to suppliers and manufacturers of orthopedic footwear concerning sizes of shoes and lasts» (PDF) (in Swedish). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-06-16. Retrieved 2009-01-06.
- ^ a b c «Instructions». Genuine Brannock Device. Retrieved 2009-01-06.
- ^ a b «ISO/TS 19407:2015 — Footwear — Sizing — Conversion of sizing systems». www.iso.org. Retrieved 2018-06-22.
- ^ «Shoe Size Conversion: Use this EASY Tool, Size Guide + How To». BlitzResults.com. 2017-11-11. Retrieved 2018-06-22.
- ^ Cairns, Warwick (2007). About the Size of It. Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-230-01628-6.
- ^ Alexander Besching: Handbuch für die Schuhindustrie. 14. Auflage. Hüthig, Heidelberg 1990, S. 170.
- ^ ASICS — Shoe Size Guide «
- ^ a b «History». Genuine Brannock Device. Retrieved 2009-01-06.
- ^ «Size Conversion Chart». Genuine Brannock Device. Retrieved 2022-02-09..
- ^ Telfer S, Woodburn J (2010). «The use of 3D surface scanning for the measurement and assessment of the human foot». J Foot Ankle Res. 3: 19. doi:10.1186/1757-1146-3-19. PMC 2944246. PMID 20815914.
- ^ German Standard DIN 66074:1975, Shoe sizes
- ^ Spanish Standard UNE 59850:1998, Shoes: Size designation
- ^ GOST 11373-88
- ^ GOST R 58149-2018
- ^ GB/T 3293:1998
- ^ BS 4981:1973
- ^ IS 8751:1978
- ^ R. Boughey. Size Labelling of Footwear. Journal of Consumer Studies & Home Economics. Volume 1, Issue 2. June 1977. DOI:10.1111/j.1470-6431.1977.tb00197.x
- ^ International Standard ISO 9407:2019, Shoe sizes—Mondopoint system of sizing and marking
- ^ (in Japanese) 靴のサイズ表示について・分かっているようで分かっていない話 tr. About shoe size display … A story that seems to be known but not known Rakuten.co.jp Archived 2011-07-27 at the Wayback Machine
External links[edit]
- IS 8751-1 (1978): Footwear sizes in mondopoint system, Part 1: Fundamental characteristics
- IS 8751-2 (1978): Footwear sizes in mondopoint system, Part 2: Length grading
- Chart of US shoe widths by size